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. 2022 Sep 22;23(19):11129. doi: 10.3390/ijms231911129

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effect of VIGS-mediated LsMAPK4 gene silencing on high-temperature bolting of lettuce. (A) Construction of the pTRV2-LsMAPK4 vector. (B) Detection of pTRV2 fragments. (C) Detection of pTRV2-LsMAPK4 fragments. (D) Expression of LsMAPK4 in the blank control group, the empty vector group, and the silenced group. (E) Changes in stem length of VIGS-infected plants after HT treatment. (F) Morphology of the stem on the 8th day after HT. Bar = 0.5 cm. (G) Morphology of the shoot tip on the 8th day of HT. Bar = 200 µm. 1. the blank control group; 2. the empty vector group; 3. the silent group. The standard error is indicated. Different letters represent significant differences as determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s test. p < 0.05.