Table 5.
Antidepressant effects of psilocybin.
| Author, Year | Dose | Time Frame | Primary Outcome Measure | Results | Secondary Outcome Measure | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Griffiths, R. 2016 [41] | 22 or 30 mg/70 kg | 5 weeks after the 1st session | GRID-HAMD-17 | Significant difference between the Psilocybin-1st(Placebo-2nd) and Placebo-1st(Psilocybin-2nd) groups | BDI, HADS | Decrease, significant difference between the Psilocybin-1st(Placebo-2nd) and Placebo-1st(Psilocybin-2nd) groups |
| 5 weeks after the 2nd session = crossover | No significant difference between the Psilocybin-1st(Placebo-2nd) and Placebo-1st(Psilocybin-2nd) groups * | Decrease, no significant difference between the Psilocybin-1st(Placebo-2nd) and Placebo-1st(Psilocybin-2nd) groups * | ||||
| 6-months’ follow-up | Significant difference from baseline | Decrease, significant difference between baseline and 6-months’ follow-up | ||||
| Ross, S. 2016 [42] | 0.3 mg/kg | 6 weeks after the 1st session | HADS D, BDI | Significant difference from baseline in the Psilocybin-1st(Placebo-2nd) group. Significant difference between the Psilocybin-1st(Placebo-2nd) and Placebo-1st(Psilocybin-2nd) groups. | - | - |
| 6 weeks after the 2nd session = crossover | Significant difference from baseline in the Psilocybin-1st(Placebo-2nd) group. Significant difference from baseline in the Placebo-1st(Psilocybin-2nd) group in BDI, but not in HADS; No significant difference between groups in BDI, but not HADS * | |||||
| 26-week follow-up | Significant difference from baseline in both Psilocybin-1st(Placebo-2nd) and Placebo-1st(Psilocybin-2nd) groups; No significant difference between groups * | |||||
| Carhart-Harris, R. 2021 [43] | 25 mg | 6 weeks | QIDS-SR-16 | No significant difference between the psilocybin and escitalopram groups | HAMD-D-17, MADRS, BDI | As the primary endpoint was not met, the secondary outcomes’ significance was not adjusted, but in general the differences between groups favored psilocybin over escitalopram |
Only depression-related outcomes were included in this table. * After the 2nd session, both groups received psilocybin. No difference means that score decreased in Placebo-1st (Psilocybin-2nd) group, while score in Psilocybin-1st (Placebo-2nd) group was sustained.