Table 3.
Patient characteristics categorized with respect to prognosis.
| Patients Alive (n = 197) |
Patients Deceased (n = 20) |
p Value (Cox) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years (mean ± SD) | 70 (±10.5) | 78 (±7.6) | 0.002 |
| Male, n (%) | 154 (78.2%) | 18 (90.0%) | 0.245 |
| ACS, n (%) | 142 (72.1%) | 17 (85.0%) | 0.227 |
| NYHA I (%) | 41 (20.8%) | 3 (15.0%) | 0.004 |
| NYHA II (%) | 97 (49.2%) | 6 (30.0%) | |
| NYHA III (%) | 39 (19.8%) | 3 (15.0%) | |
| NYHA IV (%) | 20 (10.2%) | 8 (40.0%) | |
| CCS I (%) | 53 (26.9%) | 5 (25.0%) | 0.184 |
| CCS II (%) | 29 (14.7%) | 1 (5.0%) | |
| CCS III (%) | 51 (25.9%) | 3 (15.0%) | |
| CCS IV (%) | 64 (32.5%) | 11 (55.0%) | |
| Coronary sclerosis (%) | 13 (6.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.033 |
| 1-vessel disease (%) | 37 (18.8%) | 1 (5.0%) | |
| 2-vessel disease (%) | 46 (23.4%) | 4 (20.0%) | |
| 3-vessel disease (%) | 101 (51.3%) | 15 (75.0%) | |
| Left main disease (%) | 49 (24.9%) | 8 (40.0%) | 0.142 |
| No to minimal MVR (%) | 45 (22.8%) | 1 (5.0%) | 0.103 |
| Mild MVR (%) | 124 (62.9%) | 13 (65.0%) | |
| Moderate MVR (%) | 22 (11.2%) | 4 (20.0%) | |
| Severe MVR (%) | 5 (2.5%) | 1 (5.0%) | |
| ICD (%) | 5 (2.5%) | 1 (5.0%) | 0.473 |
| Recent MI (%) | 7 (3.6%) | 1 (5.0%) | 0.756 |
|
CXCL16 MFI
(25th–75th percentile) |
47.1 (38.0–58.7) | 53.4 (40.1–71.1) | 0.102 |
|
CXCR6 MFI
(25th–75th percentile) |
40.8 (31.7–49.9) | 48.8 (40.9–65.9) | 0.040 |
|
sCXCL16 ng/mL
(25th–75th percentile) |
2.2 (1.9–2.5) | 2.4 (2.1–3.4) | 0.005 |
|
CXCL16
(4th quartile vs. rest) |
44 (22.3%) | 9 (45.0%) | 0.029 |
|
CXCR6
(4th quartile vs. rest) |
45 (22.8%) | 9 (45.0%) | 0.036 |
|
sCXCL16
(4th quartile vs. rest) |
42 (21.3%) | 9 (45.0%) | 0.022 |
|
Cardiovascular risk
factors, n (%) | |||
| Arterial hypertension | 163 (82.7%) | 17 (85.0%) | 0.928 |
| Dyslipidemia | 118 (59.9%) | 8 (40.0%) | 0.072 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 49 (24.9%) | 9 (45.0%) | 0.068 |
| Current smokers | 58 (29.4%) | 3(15.0%) | 0.177 |
| Obesity | 28 (14.2%) | 2 (10.0%) | 0.592 |
| Family history | 46 (23.4%) | 2 (10.0%) | 0.191 |
| Echocardiography | |||
|
LVEF, baseline%
(mean ± SD) |
53 (±9.9) | 43.3 (±13.6) | <0.001 |
|
LVEF, Follow-up%
(mean ± SD) |
53 (±9.9) | 42.9 (±12.4) | 0.001 |
|
Laboratory assessment upon admission,
median (25th percentile–75th percentile) | |||
| Platelets, ×1000/µL | 212.0 (176.0–255.0) | 182.0 (131.8–230.5) | 0.765 |
| eGFR, mL/m² | 76.2 (63.2–93.0) | 60.1 (25.6–93.3) | 0.012 |
| hs-CRP, mg/dL (LG) | −0.61 (−1.19–−0.04) | −0.13 (−0.74–0.73) | 0.010 |
| Troponin I, ng/dL (LG) | −1.52 (−1.52–−1.02) | −0.74 (−1.52–0.70) | 0.004 |
| NT pro-BNP, ng/L | 354 (99–2012) | 393 (183–3379) | 0.921 |
| CK, U/L (LG) | 1.99 (1.82–2.23) | 1.90 (1.72–2.97) | 0.068 |
| HDL, mg/dL | 47 (39–58) | 39 (28–55) | 0.154 |
| LDL, mg/dL | 103.5 (77.3–132.8) | 86.0 (84.0–110.0) | 0.644 |
| TC, mg/dL | 167.0 (145.5–195.5) | 165.0 (141.0–179.0) | 0.443 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 125.0 (88.3–167.8) | 142.0 (95.5–288.0) | 0.141 |
| Medication at admission, n (%) | |||
| ASA | 89 (45.2%) | 7 (35.0%) | 0.435 |
| Clopidogrel | 28 (14.2%) | 2 (10.0%) | 0.748 |
| Prasugrel | 4 (2.0%) | 1 (5.0%) | 0.334 |
| Ticagrelor | 11 (5.6%) | 2 (10.0%) | 0.377 |
| DAPT | 34 (17.3%) | 4 (20.0%) | 0.591 |
| ACE inhibitors | 58 (29.4%) | 7 (35.0%) | 0.333 |
| ARB | 54 (27.4%) | 3 (15.0%) | 0.317 |
| Aldosterone inhibitors | 12 (6.1%) | 1 (5.0%) | 0.944 |
| Thiazide diuretics | 30 (15.2%) | 2 (10.0%) | 0.671 |
| Loop diuretics | 23 (11.7%) | 4 (20.0%) | 0.208 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 29 (14.7%) | 1 (5.0%) | 0.297 |
| Beta-blockers | 95 (48.2%) | 8 (40.0%) | 0.760 |
| Statins | 91 (46.2%) | 7 (35.0%) | 0.543 |
| Oral anticoagulants | 29 (14.7%) | 4 (20.0%) | 0.371 |
| Medication at discharge, n (%) | |||
| ASA | 165 (83.8%) | 13 (65.0%) | 0.686 |
| Clopidogrel | 72 (36.5%) | 7 (35.0%) | 0.604 |
| Prasugrel | 30 (15.2%) | 0 (0%) | 0.289 |
| Ticagrelor | 56 (28.4%) | 6 (30.0%) | 0.474 |
| DAPT | 140 (71.1%) | 11 (55.0%) | 0.756 |
| ACE inhibitors | 94 (47.7%) | 10 (50.0%) | 0.294 |
| ARB | 70 (35.5%) | 4 (20.0%) | 0.378 |
| Aldosterone inhibitors | 42 (21.3%) | 4 (20.0%) | 0.765 |
| Thiazide diuretics | 41 (20.8%) | 0 (0%) | 0.210 |
| Loop diuretics | 32 (16.2%) | 7 (35.0%) | 0.017 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 57 (28.9%) | 0 (0%) | 0.134 |
| Beta-blockers | 140 (71.1%) | 12 (60.0%) | 0.797 |
| Statins | 177 (89.8%) | 15 (75.0%) | 0.738 |
| Oral anticoagulants | 35 (17.8%) | 4 (20.0%) | 0.484 |
| PCI vs. CABG vs. conservative treatment, n (%) | |||
| PCI | 148 (75.1%) | 19 (95.0%) | 0.128 |
| CABG | 4 (2.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Conservative treatment | 45 (22.8%) | 1 (5.0%) | |
NYHA = New York Heart Association; CCS (I–IV) = Canadian Cardiovascular Society; Recent MI = Incidence of MI in the last 6 months. LG: Logarithm calculated for base 10.