Table 1.
Polyphenols on DNA methylation and histone modification.
| Polyphenols | Molecular Mechanism | Pre Clinical Model | Target Gene |
|---|---|---|---|
| DNA methylation | |||
| Curcumin | DNMT inhibitor | Leukemia, esophageal | NA |
| Epicatechin, epicatechin-gallate, epigalocatechin-3-gallate | DNMT inhibitor | Lung, colon cancer cells, esophageal, oral, breast cancers | RAŘ, MGMT, MLH1, CDKN2A, RECK, TERT, RXⱤ, CDX2, GSTP1, W1F1 |
| Quercetin | DNMT inhibitor | Breast, colon, esophageal cancers | CDKN2A |
| Resveratrol | DNMT inhibitor | Breast, Lungs cancers | NA |
| Histone modifications | |||
| Curcumin | HAT and HDAC inhibitor | anti-inflammatory anticancer, antioxidant, antiproliferative |
GATA4, EOMES, GZMB, PRF1,H3/H4 deacetylation |
| Epicatechin, epicatechin-gallate, epigalocatechin-3-gallate | HAT inhibitor | antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory |
NF-kB, IL-6, BMI-1, EZH2, SUZ12, H3K27 trimethylation, H3/H4 acetylation |
| Quercetin | SIRTI activator HAT inhibitor | anti-migration, anticancer, antiproliferative, antidiabetic, antioxidant |
Inflammatory diseases |
| Resveratrol | SIRTi activator | anti-migration, anticancer, antiproliferative, antidiabetic, antioxidant |
TNF-˛, IL-8, RBP |