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Tryptophan and its microbial metabolites affect the expression of Il-6 and Ahr in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. (A) Tryptophan decreased the mRNA level of Il-6; (B) Tryptamine decreased the expression of Il-6; (C,D) Tryptophan and tryptamine lowered the level of Ahr. The data are presented as mean values, with error bars representing the standard errors, n = 3. The data were evaluated against the LPS group (Dunnett’s analysis, * p < 0.05).
