Table 1.
Mechanical properties of typical PFs [48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70].
| Fiber Type | Fiber Name | Density /g·cm−3 |
Tensile Strength/MPa | Tensile Modulus/GPa | Elongation at Break/% | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bast | Flax | 1.50 | 800–1500 | 27.60–80.00 | 1.2–3.2 | [48,49,50,51,52,53,54] |
| Hemp | 1.48 | 550–900 | 70.00 | 2.0–4.0 | [49,50,51,52,53,55] | |
| Jute | 1.46 | 393–800 | 10.00–30.00 | 1.5–1.8 | [54] | |
| Kenaf | 1.45 | 930 | 53.00 | 1. 6 | [55] | |
| Ramie | 1.50 | 220–938 | 44.00–128.00 | 2.0–3.8 | [54,58] | |
| Leaf | Abaca | 1.50 | 400 | 12.00 | 3.0–10.0 | [59] |
| Sisal | 1.45 | 530–640 | 9.40–22.00 | 3.0–7.0 | [53,58,60,61,62,63] | |
| Banana | 1.35 | 600 | 17.85 | 3.4 | [58] | |
| Pineapple | 0.80-1.60 | 400–627 | 1.40 | 14.5 | [54,64] | |
| Coconut | 1.15 | 500 | 2. 50 | 20.0 | [65] | |
| Seed/Fruit | cotton | 1.60 | 287–597 | 5.50–12.60 | 7.0–8.0 | [65,67,68,69,70] |
| Coir | 1.20–1.35 | 120–200 | 19.00–25.00 | 10.0–25.0 | [51,53,64] | |
| Grass | bamboo | 1.10 | 500 | 35.91 | 1.4 | [51,65] |
| Wood | Soft wood | 1.50 | 1000 | 40.00 | 4.4 | [65] |