Table 2.
Type of nanoparticles in cancer research.
| Modification | Payload | Therapy Involved | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PLGA NP | PTX | Chemotherapy | There was improved efficiency in drug delivery compared with free PTX | [93] |
| PEG, transferrin-modified NP | Nucleic acids | Nucleic-acid-based therapy | Transfected leukemia cells with K562 showed high efficiency compared to nontargeted particles | [94] |
| Trastuzumab-modified NP | Docetaxel | Targeted therapy, chemotherapy | There was an overall increase in cytotoxicity in HER2-positive BT474 cells with no or minimal effect in but not in HER2-negative MCF7 cells | [95] |
| Trastuzumab-modified NP | PTX | Targeted therapy, chemotherapy | There was much better efficacy in treatment with low cytotoxicity to human breast epithelial cells | [96] |
| PLGA NP | Alantolactone Erlotinib | Targeted therapy | Significant induction of apoptosis was seen in cancer treated with NP-loaded drug | [97] |
| Exosome | Doxorubicin | Chemotherapy | Accumulation of the drug in heart of mice was reduced and an increase in cytotoxicity of doxorubicin was seen | [98] |
| Gold NP-encapsulated IONPs/Ag cores | ONPs/Ag | PTT | Gold NP complex acted | [99] |
| Trithiol-terminated poly-meth-acrylic acid-modified nanorods | Fe2P | SDT, PTT | It showed photodermal and therapeutic potential | [100] |
Abbreviations: PLGA: poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid; NP: nanoparticle; PEG: polyethylene glycol; IONPs: iron oxide nanoparticles; Ag: silver; PTX: paclitaxel; ONPs: organic nanoparticles; Fe2P: iron phosphide; PTT: photothermal therapy; SDT: sonodynamic therapy.