Table 2.
Patient characteristics and clinical course in second PICS survey.
| Second PICS Survey (13.5 ± 3.2 Months after ICU Discharge) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| PICS (n = 127) | Non-PICS (n = 82) | p Value | |
| Age, yr, median (IQR) | 68 (60, 75) | 66 (56, 73.3) | 0.12 |
| Male, n (%) | 98 (77.2) | 69 (84.1) | 0.22 |
| BMI, kg/m2, median (IQR) | 24.7 (22, 27.8) |
25.9 (23.1, 29.1) |
0.049 |
| SOFA score on the day of ventilation start, median (IQR) | 5 (4, 7) | 4.5 (3, 7) | 0.26 |
| Clinical frailty scale before hospitalization, median (IQR) | 2 (1, 3) | 1 (1, 2) | 0.26 |
| Delirium, n (%) | 25 (19.7) | 13 (15.9) | 0.48 |
| Duration of delirium within 1 week of ICU admission, day, median (IQR) | 2 (1, 4) | 2 (2, 4) | 0.58 |
| Duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, day, median (IQR) | 9 (6, 17) | 9 (6, 14) | 0.53 |
| Length of ICU stay, day, median (IQR) | 11 (8, 21) | 11 (8, 17) | 0.39 |
| Length of hospital stay, day, median (IQR) | 23 (14, 43) | 20 (11, 35) | 0.13 |
| Comorbidity, n (%) | |||
| Hypertension | 56 (44.1) | 40 (48.8) | 0.51 |
| Diabetes | 32 (25.2) | 29 (35.4) | 0.11 |
| Cardiac disease | 9 (7.1) | 9 (11) | 0.33 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 4 (3.1) | 2 (2.4) | 0.56 |
| Autoimmune diseases | 5 (3.9) | 2 (2.4) | 0.44 |
| Malignant tumors | 6 (4.7) | 4 (4.9) | 0.60 |
| COPD | 10 (7.9) | 7 (8.5) | 0.86 |
| Immunodeficiency | 4 (3.1) | 1 (1.2) | 0.35 |
| Treatment received during hospital stay | |||
| Reintubation, n (%) | 7 (5.5) | 2 (2.4) | 0.24 |
| ECMO, n (%) | 12 (9.4) | 13 (15.9) | 0.16 |
| Duration of ECMO, day, median (IQR) | 14 (8.3, 23.3) | 10 (9, 14.5) | 0.57 |
| Tracheostomy, n (%) | 24 (18.9) | 15 (18.3) | 0.91 |
| Corticosteroid, n (%) | 102 (80.3) | 62 (75.6) | 0.42 |
| Maximum prednisolone dose, mg/day, median (IQR) | 44 (30, 100) | 42.6 (15, 82.5) | 0.20 |
| Continuous neuromuscular blocking agent, n (%) | 54 (42.5) | 39 (47.6) | 0.47 |
| Prone position, n (%) | 70 (55.1) | 43 (52.4) | 0.70 |
| Continuous renal replacement therapy, n (%) | 13 (10.2) | 5 (6.1) | 0.30 |
| Rehabilitation program, n (%) | 72 (56.7) | 42 (51.2) | 0.44 |
| Time from ICU admission to rehabilitation program initiation, day, median (IQR) | 6 (2, 16) | 4 (2, 19.3) | 0.60 |
BMI: body mass index, COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ECMO: extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ICU: Intensive Care Unit, IQR: interquartile range, PICS: post-intensive care syndrome, SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.