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Fold change in gtfB, ldh, brpA, spaP, luxS, and gbpB gene expression in dental biofilm after orthodontic treatment (n = 24). Bars represent the mean ± SEM of gene expression level relative to that of the expression level before treatment. Asterisks indicate Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs), which were defined as at least a 1.5-fold increase.
