Table 6.
Reported works on natural fiber-reinforced cassava starch-based composites.
| Polymer Matrix | Fiber | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Cassava starch | Green coconut fibers | [144] |
| Cassava starch | Coconut fibers | [145] |
| Cassava starch | Cassava bagasse | [147] |
| Cassava starch | Cellulose cassava bagasse nanofibrils (CBN) | [152] |
| Cassava starch | Cassava bagasse-kraft paper | [149] |
| Cassava starch | Cellulose nanocrystals from kenaf fibers | [150] |
| Native cassava starch | Cinnamon essential oil/clove essential oil/sucrose ester of fatty acids/sugar | [151] |
| Cassava starch | Kapok fiber | [153] |
| Cassava starch | Jute fiber | [153] |
| Cassava starch | Kaolinite-rich clay | [154] |
| Cassava starch | The exploitation of chitosan as a compatible malt | [155] |
| Cassava starch | Malt bagasse | [156] |
| Cassava starch | Blended with zein, gluten, soy protein, kraft fiber, and palm | [157] |
| Cassava flour (CF)/wheat flour (WF) | Cassava stillage residue (CSR) | [158] [159] |
| Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) | [160] | |
| Final egg albumen: Cassava starch: sunflower oil | [161] | |
| Cassava stillage residue (CSR) | Self-reinforced | [141] |
| Cassava Starch | Cassava peel/cassava bagasse | [156] |
| Cassava Starch | The remaining fibrous residue of cassava starch extraction | [162] |
| Cassava starch | Cassava nanofiber | [143] |
| Cassava starch | Cassava/sugar palm fiber | [71] |
| Cassava starch | Cassava bagasse cellulose nanofibrils | [163] |
| Cassava starch | Microcrystalline Cellulose Avicel PH101 | [164] |
| Cassava starch | Rice husk fiber | [165] |
| Cassava starch | Rice husk fiber nanocrystalline cellulose | [165] |
| Cassava starch | Cassava root | [166] |
| Cassava starch | Cassava bagasse | [166] |
| Cassava starch | Cassava bagasse lignocellulose nanofibers (LCNF)/nanoclay (Nclay) | [143] |
| Cassava starch | Cassava bagasse/kraft paper | [149] |
| Cassava starch | Waxy starch nanocrystal | [167] |
| Cassava starch | Cassava bagasse | [31] |
| Cassava starch | Zinc oxide nanofiller | [168] |
| Cassava starch | Acetobacter xylinum bacterial cellulose (BC) | [169] |
| Cassava starch | Recycled newspaper pulp fiber | [170] |
| Cassava starch | Kenaf cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) | [148] |
| Cassava starch | Montmorillonite | [171] |
| Cassava starch | Bamboo nanofibers | [171] |
| Cassava starch | Bacterial cellulose | [172] |
| Cassava starch | ZnO/bacterial cellulose | [173] |
| Cassava starch | Carnauba wax/cashew tree gum-based films | [174] |
| Cassava starch | Concentrated natural rubber latex/cotton fiber | [175] |
| Cassava starch | Cellulose pulp fibers modified with deposition of silica (SiO2) nanoparticles | [176] |
| Cassava starch | Cellulose fiber | [177] |
| Cassava starch | Cassava bagasse (CB) | [178] |
| Cassava starch | Cassava peel (CP) | [178] |
| Cassava starch | Coconut nanocellulose | [179] |
| Cassava starch | Licuri nanocellulose | [179] |
| Cassava starch | Corn stover nanocellulose | [179] |
| Cassava starch | Pulp of eucalyptus commercial nanocellulose | [179] |
| Cassava starch | Cassava peel | [180] |
| Cassava starch | Kenaf cellulose nanocrystals | [181] |
| Cassava starch | Oregano essential oil/sugarcane bagasse | [182] |
| Cassava starch | Nanoclay | [183] |
| Cassava starch | Zein oil | [184] |
| Cassava starch | Gluten oil | [184] |
| Cassava starch | Soy protein oil | [184] |
| Cassava starch | Kraft fiber oil | [184] |
| Cassava starch | Palm oil | [184] |
| Cassava starch | Kenaf nanocrystalline cellulose | [148] |
| Cassava starch | Brazilian coconut fiber | [144] |
| Cassava starch | Eucalyptus cellulose nanocrystals | [185] |
| Cassava starch | Nanoclay | [186] |
| Cassava starch | Cassava roots bagasse | [187] |
| Cassava starch | Cellulose fiber/nanoclay | [188] |
| Cassava starch | Sugarcane bagasse fibers/montmorillonite | [189] |
| Cassava starch | Sisal cellulose nanofibers | [190] |
| Cassava starch | Banana fibers | [191] |
| Cassava starch | Pineapple shell fiber | [192] |
| Cassava starch | Soybean hulls fiber | [193] |
| Cassava starch | Soybean hulls microcrystalline cellulose | [193] |
| Cassava starch | Polylactic acid | [194] |
| Cassava starch | Ramie fibers CNF/nano PCC tapioca starch | [195] |
| Cassava starch | Zeolite | [151] |
| Cassava starch | Beidellite | [151] |
| Cassava starch | Starch nanocrystals (SNCs) | [196] |
| Cassava starch | Nanofiber straw/ZnO | [197] |
| Cassava starch | Pectin particles | [198] |
| Cassava starch | Cotton fibers | [198] |
| Cassava starch | Ramie cellulose microfibrils | [199] |
| Cassava starch | Coconut fiber nanocellulose | [200] |
| Cassava starch | Bamboo fiber, lime juice, epoxidized waste cooking oil | [201] |
| Cassava starch | Cassava nanofibril | [138] |
| Cassava starch | Carboxymethylcellulose/lactic acid bacteria | [202] |
| Cassava starch | ZnO nanorods/PVA electrospun mats/rosemary extract | [203] |
| Cassava starch | Polyaniline | [204] |
| Cassava starch | Nanosilica (SiO2) | [205] |
| Cassava starch | Montmorillonite | [206] |
| Cassava starch | Silica | [207] |
| Cassava starch | Sisal fiber | [208] |
| Cassava starch | Cassava bagasse | [209] |
| Cassava starch | Coconut residue fiber | [210] |
| Cassava starch | Cassava cellulose nanocrystals | [211] |
| Cassava starch | Grape stalks | [212] |
| Cassava starch | Carboxymethylcellulose/turmeric oil | [213] |
| Cassava starch | Sisal fiber/carnauba wax | [214] |
| Cassava starch | Coconut fibers | [215] |
| Cassava starch | Kaolinite | [216] |