Table 5.

c-IVF versus ICSI in the absence of a male factor of infertility: summary of main findings.

Indication	Main Findings
Advanced maternal age	Most available data fail to demonstrate an advantage of ICSI over c-IVF in terms of fertilization rate, embryo development rate, pregnancy and live birth rates according to the insemination technique.
Decreased ovarian reserve	Fertilization rate, fertilization failure, implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate are comparable after c-IVF and ICSI.
Endometriosis	A higher fertilization rate is reported using ICSI, without a significant advantage in terms of implantation rate, pregnancy rate, chemical pregnancy, clinical abortion and ongoing pregnancy rate compared to c-IVF.
Autoimmunity	Lower fertilization, clinical pregnancy and live birth rates are documented in partners of antisperm antibodies positive men treated with c-IVF. ICSI can overcome these issues. Superiority of ICSI over c-IVF in couples with thyroid autoimmunity has not been documented.
Preimplantation genetic testing	Comparable percentages of embryos with a complete diagnosis and comparable percentages of unaffected/transferable embryos are obtained with c-IVF and ICSI in cycles with genetic testing for aneuploidy. No significant differences in contamination rates of the washing medium samples after c-IVF or ICSI are reported.
Single oocyte retrievals	Fertilization, implantation and live birth rates per oocyte retrieval are comparable using c-IVF or ICSI.