Table 3.

Pharmacokinetic parameters of misoprostol acid in clinical trials.

Dose (Route)	Number of Participants	Type of Biological Sample	Mean Time of Maximum Concentration (Tmax) [Time Min]	Mean Maximum Drug Concentration (Cmax) [Pg/Ml]	Ref.
400 µg (oral)	45	human plasma	15.0 ± 4.8	777.74 ± 259.80	[30]
200 µg (oral)	10	human milk	66.0 ± 12.0	7.6 ± 2.8	[31]
400 µg (sublingual)	10	human plasma	26.0 ± 11.5	574.8 ± 250.7	[32]
400 µg (oral)	10		27.5 ± 14.8	287.6 ± 144.3
400 µg (vaginal)	10		72.0 ± 34.5	125.2 ± 53.8
400 µg (vaginal+water)	10		75.0 ± 31.6	162.8 ± 57.1
400 µg slow release (oral)	10	human plasma	54.0 ± 46.5	27.2 ± 14.5	[33]
800 µg slow release (oral)	11		81.8 ± 111.5	43.5 ± 17.7
400 µg (oral)	10		36.0 ± 12.6	186.2 ± 118.8
400 µg (oral)	9	human plasma	14.2 ± 7.0	258.7 ± 83.8	[34]
400 µg (rectal)	9		71.7 ± 23.5	86.8 ± 44.7
400 µg (vaginal)	9		65.0 ± 21.2	210.8 ± 63.0
400 µg (oral)	10	human plasma	34.0 ± 17.0	277.0 ± 124.0	[8]
400 µg (vaginal)	10		80.0 ± 27.0	165.0 ± 86.0
400 µg (vaginal)	10	human serum	91.5 ± 82.0	445.9 ± 428.7	[35]
400 µg (vaginal)	10		51.0 ± 20.2	427.1 ± 235.5
400 µg (buccal)	10		84.0 ± 81.9	264.8 ± 170.7
400 µg (rectal)	10		19.5 ± 14.2	202.2 ± 195.7
800 µg slow release (oral)	11	human serum	96.0 ± 168	78.8 ± 51.1	[36]
400 µg (sublingual)	9		30.0 ± 0.0	580 ± 178.1
400 µg (vaginal)	10		102.0 ± 72.0	117.7 ± 42.1
400 µg (vaginal)	14	human serum	120 ± 90	262.6 ± 201.1	[37]
400 µg (vaginal) misoprostol tablets moistened with 3 mL of saline solution	14		56.8 ± 45.6	1092.4 ± 1538.3
400 µg (vaginal) misoprostol tablets moistened with 3 mL of 5% acetic acid	14		52.5 ± 37.16	703.4 ± 464.6
800 µg (sublingual)	10	human plasma	30.0	1140 (817–2060)	[38]
800 µg (buccal)	8		30.0	229 (140 –1160)
800 µg (oral)	10	human serum	20.7 ± 11.16	2683.0 ± 1216.1	[39]
800 µg (sublingual)	10		42.72 ± 24.9	2439.1 ± 1156.7
800 µg (buccal)	10		78.48 ± 37.44	1361.1 ± 343.6
600 µg (rectal)	10	human serum	40.5 ± 15.9	184.0 ± 64.5	[40]
600 µg (oral)	10		18.0 ± 8.8	327.9 ± 102.9