Table 14.

Taste threshold ratios of flavor amino acids.

Amino Acids	Taste Threshold (mg/g)	TVA
		1–1	1–2	1–3	1–4	1–5	2–1	2–2	2–3	2–4	3–1	3–2	3–3
Umami amino acids
Asp	1.0	2.45 ± 0.02	2.33 ± 0.07	2.24 ± 0.12	2.18 ± 0.04	2.62 ± 0.02	2.25 ± 0.12	2.58 ± 0.11	2.29 ± 0.05	2.22 ± 0.06	1.82 ± 0.02	1.88 ± 0.02	2.50 ± 0.17
Glu	0.3	24.55 ± 1.4	26.11 ± 2.43	24.67 ± 0.03	24.17 ± 0.62	24.29 ± 0.02	16.77 ± 1.49	21.62 ± 0.64	18.6 ± 0.03	19.01 ± 0.78	18.82 ± 0.07	16.33 ± 0.15	27.78 ± 3.25
Sweet amino acids
Gly	1.3	1.05 ± 0.02	1.07 ± 0.01	0.97 ± 0.05	0.93 ± 0.02	1.01 ± 0.03	0.79 ± 0.03	0.91 ± 0.04	0.87 ± 0.02	0.82 ± 0.04	0.65 ± 0.04	0.85 ± 0.01	0.99 ± 0.01
Ala	0.6	5.96 ± 0.11	6.55 ± 0.00	6.07 ± 0.17	6.70 ± 0.07	7.47 ± 0.01	4.83 ± 0.31	6.60 ± 0.30	5.46 ± 0.16	4.33 ± 0.14	4.06 ± 0.09	3.79 ± 0.03	5.39 ± 0.60
Ser	1.5	1.21 ± 0.01	1.25 ± 0.06	1.19 ± 0.05	1.14 ± 0.04	1.22 ± 0.01	0.81 ± 0.03	1.04 ± 0.01	0.97 ± 0.01	1.00 ± 0.03	0.87 ± 0.00	0.84 ± 0.01	1.21 ± 0.03
Pro	3.0	1.03 ± 0.07	1.04 ± 0.12	0.99 ± 0.10	1.02 ± 0.10	0.89 ± 0.08	0.69 ± 0.02	0.90 ± 0.04	0.78 ± 0.01	0.77 ± 0.04	0.79 ± 0.01	0.75 ± 0.01	1.09 ± 0.06
Thr	2.6	1.60 ± 1.52	1.61 ± 1.54	1.55 ± 1.48	1.53 ± 1.45	1.53 ± 1.38	1.37 ± 1.35	1.40 ± 1.21	1.41 ± 1.27	1.37 ± 1.22	1.26 ± 1.17	1.30 ± 1.16	1.31 ± 0.90
Met	0.3	2.61 ± 0.22	2.58 ± 0.08	2.36 ± 0.00	2.44 ± 0.14	2.40 ± 0.04	2.03 ± 0.22	1.95 ± 0.06	1.98 ± 0.07	1.97 ± 0.04	1.56 ± 0.04	2.16 ± 0.02	2.61 ± 0.18
Bitter amino acids
Ile	0.9	1.48 ± 0.05	1.47 ± 0.05	1.45 ± 0.10	1.43 ± 0.01	1.47 ± 0.04	1.05 ± 0.11	1.29 ± 0.07	1.20 ± 0.03	1.14 ± 0.03	1.06 ± 0.06	1.09 ± 0.01	1.57 ± 0.18
Arg	0.5	3.08 ± 0.1	3.29 ± 0.28	2.98 ± 0.08	2.79 ± 0.19	2.99 ± 0.08	2.33 ± 0.21	2.72 ± 0.19	2.60 ± 0.01	2.52 ± 0.07	1.84 ± 0.10	2.31 ± 0.02	3.01 ± 0.05
Leu	1.9	2.35 ± 0.13	2.59 ± 0.29	2.43 ± 0.13	2.49 ± 0.02	2.28 ± 0.00	1.59 ± 0.17	2.03 ± 0.03	1.75 ± 0.01	1.71 ± 0.12	2.00 ± 0.01	1.72 ± 0.02	2.93 ± 0.34
Val	0.4	5.05 ± 0.19	4.85 ± 0.00	4.72 ± 0.21	4.64 ± 0.02	4.77 ± 0.04	3.54 ± 0.28	4.28 ± 0.19	3.94 ± 0.02	3.75 ± 0.13	3.23 ± 0.09	3.46 ± 0.03	4.80 ± 0.44
Lys	0.5	2.83 ± 0.20	2.54 ± 0.26	2.38 ± 0.21	2.23 ± 0.04	2.92 ± 0.09	2.00 ± 0.09	2.45 ± 0.14	2.45 ± 0.10	2.24 ± 0.01	1.34 ± 0.15	1.89 ± 0.02	1.92 ± 0.10
His	0.2	5.52 ± 0.05	5.91 ± 0.22	5.95 ± 0.06	5.62 ± 0.06	5.08 ± 0.19	4.19 ± 0.05	4.89 ± 0.49	5.07 ± 0.27	4.74 ± 0.12	4.39 ± 0.39	4.67 ± 0.04	5.61 ± 0.27
Phe	0.9	1.66 ± 0.08	1.63 ± 0.09	1.43 ± 0.09	1.63 ± 0.06	1.64 ± 0.07	1.41 ± 0.04	1.70 ± 0.18	1.66 ± 0.17	1.70 ± 0.13	1.56 ± 0.02	1.38 ± 0.06	2.01 ± 0.16