| A | Advanced |
| AS | Advanced Subsidiary |
| BMI | body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) |
| CI | confidence interval |
| CSE | Certificate of Secondary Education |
| GCSE | General Certificate of Secondary Education |
| HR | hazard ratio |
| HNC | Higher National Certificate |
| HND | Higher National Diploma |
| ICD-10 | International Classification of Diseases-10th revision |
| NVQ | National Vocational Qualification |
| O | Ordinary |
| Q | quartiles |
| SD | standard deviation |
| UK Biobank | United Kingdom Biobank |
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