Figure 14.

Histological images showing host inflammatory responses in subcutaneous tissue adjacent to functionally graded tri-layered membranes; (A) Tissue after three weeks of implantation with functionally graded membranes; (B) Peri-implant tissue (black arrows) indicates connective tissue without accumulation of inflammatory cells. Tissue without implants; (C) Peri-implant tissue after five weeks of implantation with functionally graded membranes; (D) Site of implantation indicates fibrous tissue (black arrows). Abbreviations: I, tissue near functionally graded chitosan membranes; c, connective tissue; e, epidermis; s, skeletal muscles [234].