Table 1.
Characteristics of participants.
| Characteristics | Total Participants (n = 7906) |
|---|---|
| 2 Continuous variables | |
| Age (years) | 57.77 ± 10.92 |
| 1 BMI (kg/m2) | 29.67 ± 6.54 |
| Klotho (pg/mL) | 861.17 ± 311.55 |
| Mediterranean diet score | 6.72 ± 2.12 |
| Low-carbohydrate diet score | 14.98 ± 7.19 |
| Daily carbohydrate intake (gm)/Percentage of calories from carbohydrate | 245.50 ± 116.27 (49%) |
| Daily protein intake (gm)/Percentage of calories from protein | 78.67 ± 39.30 (16%) |
| Daily fat intake (gm)/Percentage of calories from fat | 76.10 ± 43.96 (34%) |
| Daily calorie intake (kcal) | 2020.97 ± 923.62 |
| 3 Categorical variables | |
| Sex | |
| Men | 3910 (49.5%) |
| Women | 3996 (50.5%) |
| Race | |
| Mexican American | 1225 (15.5%) |
| Other Hispanic | 855 (10.8%) |
| Non-Hispanic White | 3704 (46.9%) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 1619 (20.5%) |
| Other race, including multi-racial | 503 (6.4%) |
| History of congestive heart failure | 312 (3.9%) |
| History of coronary heart disease | 392 (5%) |
| History of angina | 254 (3.2%) |
| History of diabetes mellitus | 6705 (84.8%) |
| History of hypertension | 5433 (68.7%) |
| Smoking history | 3987 (50.4%) |
1 BMI: body mass index. 2 Values in the continuous variables were expressed as mean and standard deviation. 3 Values in the categorical variables were expressed in number and percentage (%).