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. 2022 Sep 22;11(19):2487. doi: 10.3390/plants11192487

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Hypothetical model based on ROS scavenging and production illustrating IDS-regulated seed germination processes under Pb-free (−Pb) and Pb-stressed (+Pb) conditions. The blue dotted line indicates the control treatment (distilled water), the black dotted line indicates treatment with Pb stress, and the red dotted line indicates treatment with IDS. Pointed and blunt dashed arrows represent the positive and negative effects of these treatments, respectively. The thickness of the dotted line indicates the degree of influence of different treatments on relevant indicator values. Pb, lead; ROS, reactive oxygen species; IDS, iminodisuccinic acid; NOX, NADPH oxidase; SOD, superoxide dismutase; CAT, catalase; GR, germination rate.