Table 3.
Cognitive barriers and suggested enablers
| Barriers | f | Enablers | f |
|---|---|---|---|
| Having trouble writing the IMRAD sections | 30 | Getting a good graduate education | 27 |
| Mastering the literature | 26 | ||
| Improving oneself by taking courses on academic writing | 17 | ||
| Attending seminars on academic writing | 16 | ||
| Effective use of academic writing tools | 14 | ||
| Having trouble writing in English | 28 | Getting training and support in writing in English | 20 |
| Study abroad experience | 14 | ||
| Using English translation and language tools | 3 | ||
| Experiencing difficulties in designing and developing a quality study | 22 | Benefiting from expert and peer opinions | 28 |
| Focusing on current and need-oriented problems | 27 | ||
| Specializing in a subject | 14 | ||
| Planning the study well | 7 | ||
| Increasing the quality of the study based on editor and reviewer opinions | 5 | ||
| Reviewing the study over and over | 4 | ||
| Focusing on different tasks during the day | 13 | Dealing with only one task a day | 6 |
| Planning the day | 4 |
f frequency