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(A) Schematic reaction of the oxypropylation of kraft lignin. (B) Distribution of aliphatic hydroxyl, carboxylic acid and phenolic hydroxyl groups in kraft lignin and Oxypropylated lignin. Error bars show the standard deviation from the average values obtained from two replicates of the quantitative 31P NMR experiments. (C) 31P NMR spectra of Oxypropylated kraft lignin (top) and kraft lignin (bottom).
