Table 2.
Coronavirus variants and effectiveness of the current vaccines.
| Vaccine candidate | % Efficacy reported during Phase 3 trial | Specific Comments regarding effectiveness | Effectiveness against variants | Reference | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alpha | Beta | Gamma | Delta | Epsilon | Omicron | ||||
| Comirnaty (BNT162b2) | 94.6% | • This vaccine’s efficacy against the Delta infection peaked at 68% (95%CI: 64-71%) and 62% (95%CI: 57-66%). • After taking one dosage, neither age group is protected against Omicron infection. • The vaccine proved efficient against virus strains; however, vaccine potency against severe and mild infection after two doses is less for the Omicron variant than for the Delta variant, and fading is quicker. |
Yes, 95% (CI): 1.2–2.1) | Yes, (95% CI: 6.4–14.4) | Yes, (95% CI: 1.6–3) | Yes, at 68% (95%CI: 64-71%) and 62% (95%CI: 57-66%). | Yes | No, one dosage, neither age group is protected | (134–138) |
| Spikevax (m-RNA-1273) |
94.1% | • One dosage of mRNA-1273 had lesser protection against all variants than several doses, with protection against mu at 45.8% (0.0% to 88.9%) and alpha at 90.1% (82.9% to 94.2%). • Vaccine efficiency against delta variant infection was best for 14-60 days (94.1% (90.5% to 96.3%)) and fell substantially, with vaccine effectiveness of 80.0% (70.2% to 86.6%) at 151-180 days and with nondelta variants similarly declined for delta (from 98.6% (97.3% to 99.3%) at 14-60 days to 88.7% (73.2% to 95.2%) at 121-150 days). • At 14–60 days, vaccine efficacy against unknown variants was 83.6% (79.5%–86.9%), and it decreased to 68.5% (51.3%–79.6%) at 151–180 days. |
Yes, 90.1% (82.9% to 94.2%) | Yes, leaser effective | Yes, lesser effective | Yes, 14-60 days (94.1% (90.5% to 96.3%) 80.0% (70.2% to 86.6%) at 151-180 days 88.7% (73.2% to 95.2%) at 121-150 days). |
No | No | (139, 140) |
| Vaxzevria and Covishield | – | • Vaxzevria was efficient but because data was only provided after a single dosage rather than the recommended two dose schedule where potency is boosted. • The vaccine was 50% protective against the Beta/Gamma mutations and 70% and 72% effective against the Delta and Alpha variants, respectively. |
Yes, 72% | Yes, 50% | Yes, 50% | Yes, 70% | No | No | (141, 142) |
| Sputnik V | 91% | • The studies show that Sputnik V counteracts the Omicron variant by producing a strong antibody response. • Among the top quartile of those with strong RBD-specific IgG antibodies, 100% of those vaccinated with Sputnik V were able to neutralize the Omicron variant, compared to 83.3% of those immunised with Pfizer. • Comparatively, 56.9% of those who received the Pfizer vaccine were able to neutralize Omicron, compared to 74.2% of those who received the Sputnik V vaccine. |
Yes, 85.7% (95% CI 84.3–86.9%) and 97.5% (95% CI 95.6–98.6% | Yes, 80% | No | Yes, Effectiveness: 87.6% (60–79-year-old), 75.28%(up to 60 year), |
Yes | Yes, neutralize with strong RBD -specific IgG antibodies, 83.3% more efficacy than Pfizer, | (143) |
| Sputnik light | 79.4% | • Using Sputnik Light as a booster enhances the virus’s ability to neutralize the Omicron variant. • It has a 70% success rate against the Delta variant. |
Yes, less effective | No | Yes, 70% | Yes, effectiveness: 88.61%, (18-29-year-old group), 88.61%(88.61%) | No | Yes, Neutralize variants | (144, 145) |
| COVID-19 Vaccine Janssen (JNJ-78436735; Ad26.COV2.S) | 85% | • This vaccine was proven to be effective in clinical trials against multiple variants, especially B1.351 and P.2. • Data on how well this vaccine works against the Omicron version are yet lacking. |
No | Yes, more effective | Yes, more effective | No | No | Yes, lesser efficacy | (134–136, 146) |
| CoronaVac | 51% against symptomatic cases 100% against hospitalized patients |
• The estimated efficiency of Sinovac-CoronaVac among health professionals in Manaus, Brazil, was determined in a survey study, although there is currently inadequate data for Omicron. | Yes, 53–66% | No | Yes, 51% to 84% | Yes, 91%-93% | No | No | (147) |
| BBIBP-CorV | 78.1% against symptomatic cases 100% against severe cases |
• The efficacy of the BBIBP-CorV vaccine in severe cases was 80%, 92%, and 97% against hospitalisation, critical care admission, and death, respectively. | No | Yes, neutralizing antibody responses | No | Yes, neutralizing antibody responses | No | No | (148) |
| Covaxin (BBV152) | 77.8% | • The effectiveness of the vaccine against all variant-related COVID-19 diseases was 71%, with efficacy against Kappa and Delta being 90% and 65%, respectively. • If additional VOCs emerge that impact vaccination performance, these guidelines will be revised. • There is currently no information available for Omicron. |
Yes, 71% | Yes, 71% | Yes, 71% | Yes, 65% | Yes, 71% | No | (22, 149) |