Table 1.
Basic characteristics and data of included articles.
| Study | Year | Participants country | Study design | Sample size |
Gender (Female/ Male) |
Diabetes definition | Nocturia (minimum episodes) | Number of nocturia patients | NOS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tikkinen et al. (28) | 2009 | Finnish | Questionnaires sent to subjects in the Population Register Center | 3,307 | N | History of diabetes | 2 | N | 6 |
| Liao et al. (18) | 2011 | Taiwan | Participants in health examinations at a Taiwan hospital | 509 | 0/509 | History of diabetes | 2 | N | 7 |
| Yoshimura et al. (32) | 2004 | Taiwan | Multistage health screening program in Taiwan | 6,517 | 1,949/4,568 | History of diabetes or fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL, or random glucose ≥200 mg/ dL. | 2 | 1,856 | 8 |
| Wen et al. (31) | 2015 | China | Multi-staged, stratified, random sampling of participants over 40 years in Zhengzhou City, China | 9,637 | 6,621/3,016 | History of diabetes | 2 | 3,053 | 8 |
| Gourova et al. (11) | 2006 | Netherlands | Questionnaires sent to elderly men in 21 general practices in Maastricht | 2,934 | 0/2,934 | History of diabetes | 2 | 965 | 8 |
| Hsieh et al. (12) | 2008 | Taiwan | Multistage selection of female participants over 60 older in Taiwan and neighboring islands | 1,523 | 1,523/0 | History of diabetes | 1 | 1,120 | 8 |
| Johnson II et al. (15) | 2005 | USA | Data from the Medical, Epidemiologic, and Social aspects of Aging (MESA) Study in Michigan | 1,652 | 987/665 | History of diabetes | 2 | 520 | 8 |
| Liew et al. (19) | 2006 | Singapore | A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in Singapore | 2,273 | 1,134/1,139 | History of diabetes | 1 | 1,250 | 7 |
| Obayashi et al. (24) | 2015 | Japan | A cross-sectional study of community-based elderly individuals | 862 | 435/427 | History of diabetes or fasting plasma glucose levels ≥ 7.0 mmol/L | 2 | 262 | 8 |
| Nakagawa et al. (23) | 2010 | Japan | Community sample ≥ 70 years in Japan | 784 | 427/357 | History of diabetes | 2 | 359 | 7 |
| Stone | 2016 | USA | Participants in USA health screening of men | 30,500 | 0/30,500 | History of diabetes | 2 | 9,440 | 7 |
| Kim et al. (16) | 2018 | USA | Participants aged ≥ 65 years were included from the NHANES dataset | 4,698 | 2,323/2,375 | History of diabetes or fasting plasma glucose ≥126 mg/dL, or random glucose ≥200 mg/ dL. | 2 | 2,333 | 8 |
| Azuero et al. (6) | 2021 | Colombia | A cross-sectional study conducted in five major cities in Colombia. | 1,060 | 530/530 | History of diabetes | 1 | 593 | 7 |
| Rembratt et al. (26) | 2003 | Sweden | Questionnaires sent to all inhabitants aged ≥ 65 years in Tierp, Sweden. | 2,081 | 1,061/1,020 | History of diabetes | 2 | 603 | 7 |
| Lightner et al. (20) | 2012 | USA | A random sample of men aged 40 – 79 years from Olmsted County, MN, USA | 2,447 | 0/2,447 | History of diabetes | 2 | 440 | 7 |
| Wang | 2014 | China | A cross-sectional survey for adults aged ≥18 in five geographical regions of China. | 3,023 | 1,472/1,551 | History of diabetes | 2 | 747 | 8 |
| Chow et al. (8) | 2018 | Taiwan | An internet-based study for subjects aged ≥ 40 years in China, South Korea, and Taiwan | 8,284 | 4,208/4,076 | History of diabetes | 2 | 2,976 | 7 |
| Huang et al. (13) | 2012 | Taiwan | Questionnaires sent to ≥ 40 years for the lower urinary tract symptoms in Taiwan | 1,011 | N | History of diabetes | 2 | 385 | 7 |
| Kim SY et al. (17) | 2017 | Korea | Data were collected by the Korean Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | 92,626 | N | History of diabetes | 2 | 16,322 | 7 |
| Madhu et al. (21) | 2015 | UK | A cross-sectional, population-representative survey involving 30,000 men and women from the USA, UK and Sweden evaluating lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) | 30,000 | 15,810/14,107 | History of diabetes | 2 | 9,325 | 8 |
| Victor et al. (29) | 2019 | USA | Data from a cluster-randomized trial of BP reduction in 52 black-owned barbershops in Los Angeles County, California (Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02321618) | 1,673 | 0/1,673 | History of diabetes | 2 | 485 | 7 |
| Bing et al. (7) | 2008 | Denmark | Questionnaire was randomized sent to 4,000 individuals living in Copenhagen County | 2,799 | 1,313/1,486 | History of diabetes | 2 | 1,022 | 8 |
| Parthasarathy | 2012 | USA | Data from the Sleep Heart Health Study (SHHS) for middle-age and older adults | 6,342 | 3,361/2,981 | History of diabetes | 1 | 3,625 | 7 |
| Chung et al. (9) | 2019 | Korea | Data were prospective collected in Hanyang University Hospital | 304 | 83/221 | History of diabetes | 2 | 83 | 7 |
| Yow et al. (33) | 2021 | Malaya | A cross-sectional was conducted among community-dwelling Malaysian adults aged≥18 years old | 4,616 | 2,634/1,982 | History of diabetes | 1 | 2,646 | 8 |
| Fitzgerald | 2006 | USA | A multistage, stratified, cluster random sample were obtained from the Boston | 5,506 | 3,205/2,301 | History of diabetes | 2 | 1,872 | 7 |
| Zhang | 2010 | China | A cross-sectional survey of nocturia in several communities in northern China | 1,198 | 592/606 | History of diabetes | 2 | 411 | 8 |
| Ito et al. (14) | 2019 | Japan | Multiphasic health screening for 18 952 women in Fukui, Japan | 18,952 | 0/18,952 | History of diabetes | 2 | 739 | 7 |
| Mekki BS | 2020 | USA | A sample of 143 patients based on outpatient cardiology clinic | 143 | 106/37 | History of diabetes patients or fasting plasma glucose ≥126 mg/dL, or a recent HbA1c ≥6.5% | 1 | 111 | 8 |