Table 4.
Application of engineered nano materials to enhance plant growth and other eco- physiological parameters. .
| Nanoparticle (NP) | Plant species | Parameters analyzed | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zn-NP | Oryza sativa | Plant growth parameters, photosynthesis, antioxidant activity under cadmium stress | (Faizan et al., 2021) |
| Oryza sativa | Translocation and deposition of ENMs and their effect on growth | (Afzal et al., 2021) | |
| Safflower | Change in antioxidant enzyme concentrations | (Hafizi and Nasr, 2018) | |
| Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) | Plant growth parameters, including shoot length and dry weight, leaf quantity, nutrient percentage, chlorophyll content, and yield | (Sadak, 2019) | |
| Zea mays | Root and shoot growth | (Kumar et al., 2020) | |
| Bacopa monnieri (Linn.) Wettst. | Percentage of nutrients and antioxidant enzymes | (Krishnaraj et al., 2012) | |
| Panax vietnamensis | Number of somatic embryos | (Manh Cuong et al., 2021) | |
| Ti-NP | Coriander | Plant height, fruit yield, and branch number | (Khater, 2015) |
| Canola (Brassica napus) | Seed germination and seedling vigor | (Mahmoodzadeh et al., 2015) | |
| Sorghum bicolor (L.) | Seedling germination rate, gas exchange rate and root length | (Shoemaker and Wait, 2020) | |
| Si-NP | Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) | Plant height, branch number, and root length | (Attia and Elhawat, 2021) |
| Moringa oleifera L | Plant growth parameters, including height, stem diameter, plant dry weight, leaf quantity and surface area | (Abou-Shlell et al., 2020) | |
| Basil (Ocimum basilicum) | Chlorophyll and plant biomass | (Lu et al., 2020) | |
| Maize (Zea mays L.) | Enzyme characteristics of soil, soil physical attributes, nutrient intake, and crop yield | (Osman et al., 2021) |