. 2022 Oct 13;16:100474. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100474

Table 2A.

Characterization of the dose–effect of nitrite and nitrate curing on the chemical reactivity of dry-cured fermented sausages during in vitro gastric and ileal digestion.

(A)	Kinetic time	S-0	S-80	S-200	S-120	*p-value*
TBARS (µM)	T0	21 ± 1.6^a	12 ± 1.6^b	13 ± 3.3^b	10 ± 3.3^b	**

	G40	9.5 ± 2.4^a	1.5 ± 1.3^c	4.2 ± 0.8^b	1.1 ± 0.9^c	***
	G80	27.0 ± 14.1^a	4.0 ± 1.6^b	7.8 ± 0.7^b	3.6 ± 0.7^b	***
	G120	69.1 ± 33.9^a	11.3 ± 2.2^b	19.7 ± 1.9^b	8.6 ± 1.5^b	***

	I90	26.3 ± 2.7^a	19.9 ± 4.0^b	23.2 ± 1.8^ab	21.3 ± 1.3^b	**
	I200	52.5 ± 7.3^a	29.1 ± 3.5^bc	36.8 ± 5.2^b	26.5 ± 3.9^c	***
Total heme iron (µM)	T0	190.0 ± 5.6^a	230.0 ± 12.0^b	230.0 ± 3.6^b	230.0 ± 4.8^b	**

	G40	30.89 ± 8.9^b	56.9 ± 6.9^a	8.9 ± 5.9^c	11.9 ± 4.7^c	***
	G80	86.7 ± 19.3^a	97.9 ± 8.9^a	84.4 ± 4.7^a	14.9 ± 4.1^b	***
	G120	188.9 ± 7.3^a	170.2 ± 10. 9^ab	225.2 ± 1.4^ab	140.4 ± 42.3^b	**

	I90	132.2 ± 37.0^a	122.7 ± 3.4^a	218.2 ± 79.7^a	146.0 ± 7.4^a	NS
	I200	181.0 ± 13.1^b	181.7 ± 6.7^b	248.6 ± 15.9^a	223.2 ± 27.9^ab	**
Nitrosylated iron (µM)	T0	40.0 ± 1.9 ^a	150.0 ± 5.3^b	120.0 ± 7.6^c	170.0 ± 35.1^b	**

	G40	0^b	0^b	0^b	5.7 ± 1.3^a	***
	G80	0^c	0^c	4.9 ± 0.5^b	7.0 ± 1.4^a	***
	G120	16.7 ± 10.1^c	65.8 ± 2.7 ^a	60.3 ± 13.1^ab	41.3 ± 2.3^b	***

	I90	0^c	0^c	19.3 ± 2.6^b	28.4 ± 3.8 ^a	***
	I200	20.36 ± 20.3^c	45.6 ± 3.6^b	42.0 ± 3.8^b	62.1 ± 4.1 ^a	***
Total free iron (µM)	T0	48.0 ± 2.0 ^a	11.0 ± 1.0^b	22.0 ± 21.0^b	16.0 ± 6^b	**

	G40	15.5 ± 0.5 ^a	7.9 ± 1.0 ^ab	6.0 ± 0.5^b	10.0 ± 0.6 ^ab	*
	G80	16.7 ± 2.8 ^a	16.1 ± 0.7 ^a	10.4 ± 0.5^b	3.1 ± 1.2^c	***
	G120	32.8 ± 2.3 ^a	30.7 ± 2.4 ^ab	26.5 ± 1.3 ^bc	23.5 ± 2.0^c	**

	I90	128.2 ± 1.0^a	123.5 ± 11.9^a	112.8 ± 2.9^a	119.2 ± 1.3^a	NS
	I200	165.5 ± 6.8^a	141.4 ± 0.9^b	149.9 ± 4.0^ab	150.3 ± 11.0^ab	*
	Kinetic time	S-0	S-80	S-200	S-120	*p-value*
Residual nitrites (µM)	T0	3.6 ± 8.9^a	79.1 ± 4.2^b	96.0 ± 17.4^b	183.3 ± 26.1^c	**

	G40	0^c	9.5 ± 1.3^b	7.9 ± 1.5^b	22.7 ± 0.9^a	***
	G80	0^c	15.8 ± 3.3^b	21.1 ± 1.1^b	40.5 ± 4.5^a	***
	G120	0^d	87.4 ± 2.7^c	104.7 ± 6.0^b	172.5 ± 5.9^a	***
Residual nitrates (µM)	T0	67.6 ± 10.0^a	110.5 ± 82.1^a	211.9 ± 23.9^b	343.5 ± 51.3^c	**

	G40	73.2 ± 14.1^a	56.0 ± 1.5^ab	55.3 ± 11.1^ab	44.5 ± 8.4^b	*
	G80	80.0 ± 13.8^a	96.4 ± 11.7^a	90.6 ± 17.6^a	91.39 ± 35.2^a	*
	G120	70.5 ± 9.5^c	178.9 ± 26.6^ab	159.6 ± 44.9^b	245.3 ± 18.1^a	***
Total non volatile N-nitrosamines (µM)	T0	ND	ND	204.0 ± 80.5^a	123.0 ± 74.7^a	NS

	G40	0^b	62.5 ± 16.5^a	81.2 ± 36.4^a	79.7 ± 10.6^a	***
	G80	22.4 ± 8.3^c	58.6 ± 6.0^b	74.9 ± 4.1^a	89.1 ± 8.4^a	***
	G120	36.6 ± 9.3^b	100.9 ± 15.8 ^a	141.5 ± 43.0^a	129.1 ± 5.7^a	***
Nitrosothiols (µM)	T0	5.7 ± 3.2^a	0.4 ± 1.1^a	38.6 ± 9.6^a	34.2 ± 11.4^a	NS

	G40	0^b	3.3 ± 1.4^a	1.5 ± 1.9^a	3.7 ± 0.5^a	**
	G80	0^c	4.2 ± 1.0^ab	3.5 ± 1.3^bc	7.0 ± 2.6^a	***
	G120	0^b	5.8 ± 1.5^ab	5.4 ± 0.6^ab	8.9 ± 6.8^a	*

Legend: (A): S-0, S-80, S-120, and S-200 corresponded to 0/0, 80/80, 0/200, and 120/120 ppm of NaNO₂/NaNO₃ added, respectively. The concentrations measured in the products are given at time T0 (Bonifacie, Gatellier et al., 2021), when the concentrations measured after 40, 80 and 120 min in the gastric compartment are given as G40, G80 and G120. The amounts of compounds found after 90 and 200 min of digestion in the ileal compartment are designated as I90 and I200. Values are reported as means ± standard deviation of independent determinations. Homogeneous groups are to be read by kinetic time in order to identify the effect of nitrite/nitrate curing dose on the biochemical assay. The significant differences between the samples for each time are given such as: p-value > 0.05: non significative (NS); p-value < 0.05: *; p-value < 0.01: **; p-value < 0.001: ***. ND: non-detected value.