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. 2022 Oct 17:1–16. Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1007/s10668-022-02709-5

Table 3.

Summary statistics

Mean Minimum (country, year) Maximum (country, year) Standard deviation
CO2 emissions 2.19 0.02 (Congo, 2001) 8.57 (South Africa, 2008) 2.28
Green finance 29.61 0 (Egypt, 2001, 2006; Ghana, 2019; Philippines, 2003; Tunisia, 2013) 965.16 (Turkey, 2018) 92.05
Income 3013.00 153.59 (Congo, 2001) 18,703.86 (Uruguay, 2018) 3114.48
Population 135.56 1.54 (Mongolia, 2000) 1252.56 (Bangladesh, 2019) 200.54
Urbanisation 45.99 13.40 (Nepal, 2000) 95.43 (Uruguay, 2019) 17.79
Trade openness 73.71 22.49 (Serbia, 2000) 220.41 (Malaysia, 2000) 35.35