Table 2.
Composition of experimental diets
| Item | SPC replacement, %1 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase 1 | Phase 2 | Phase 3 | ||||||||||
| 0 | 33 | 66 | 100 | 0 | 33 | 66 | 100 | 0 | 33 | 66 | 100 | |
| Ingredient, % | ||||||||||||
| Corn, yellow | 28.99 | 28.22 | 27.45 | 26.68 | 40.67 | 40.48 | 40.29 | 40.10 | 62.57 | 62.48 | 62.40 | 62.31 |
| Whey permeate | 24.00 | 24.00 | 24.00 | 24.00 | 15.00 | 15.00 | 15.00 | 15.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 |
| Soybean meal, 48% CP | 16.00 | 16.00 | 16.00 | 16.00 | 19.00 | 19.00 | 19.00 | 19.00 | 23.00 | 23.00 | 23.00 | 23.00 |
| Cookie meal | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 | – | – | – | – |
| Poultry meal | 10.00 | 6.67 | 3.33 | – | 8.00 | 5.33 | 2.67 | – | 4.00 | 2.67 | 1.33 | – |
| Fish meal | 4.00 | 2.67 | 1.33 | – | 2.00 | 1.33 | 0.67 | – | 1.00 | 0.67 | 0.33 | – |
| Blood plasma | 4.00 | 2.67 | 1.33 | – | 2.00 | 1.33 | 0.67 | – | 1.00 | 0.67 | 0.33 | – |
| Soy protein concentrate | – | 6.17 | 12.33 | 18.50 | – | 3.68 | 7.37 | 11.05 | – | 1.85 | 3.70 | 5.55 |
| L-Lys HCl | 0.52 | 0.53 | 0.54 | 0.55 | 0.51 | 0.52 | 0.52 | 0.53 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 0.42 |
| L-Met | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.14 |
| L-Thr | 0.17 | 0.12 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.15 | 0.13 | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.09 | 0.08 |
| L-Trp | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.01 | – | 0.01 | 0.01 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| L-Val | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.01 | 0.01 | – | – | – | – |
| Limestone | 0.40 | 0.53 | 0.67 | 0.80 | 0.60 | 0.68 | 0.75 | 0.83 | 0.80 | 0.83 | 0.87 | 0.90 |
| Dicalcium phosphate | – | 0.28 | 0.57 | 0.85 | 0.20 | 0.45 | 0.70 | 0.95 | 0.55 | 0.67 | 0.78 | 0.90 |
| Zinc oxide | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | – | – | – | – |
| Salt | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.22 |
| Vitamin premix2 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 |
| Mineral premix3 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 |
| Poultry fat | 1.00 | 1.23 | 1.47 | 1.70 | 1.00 | 1.20 | 1.40 | 1.60 | 1.00 | 1.10 | 1.20 | 1.30 |
| Calculated composition, as-is | ||||||||||||
| Dry matter, % | 91.2 | 91.4 | 91.5 | 91.6 | 90.7 | 90.7 | 90.8 | 90.8 | 89.7 | 89.7 | 89.7 | 89.8 |
| ME, kcal/kg | 3,436 | 3,434 | 3,433 | 3,431 | 3,419 | 3,417 | 3,416 | 3,414 | 3,373 | 3,373 | 3,372 | 3,372 |
| Crude protein, % | 24.6 | 24.3 | 23.9 | 23.6 | 22.6 | 22.2 | 21.7 | 21.3 | 20.9 | 20.7 | 20.4 | 20.2 |
| SID4 Lys, % | 1.50 | 1.50 | 1.50 | 1.50 | 1.35 | 1.35 | 1.35 | 1.35 | 1.23 | 1.23 | 1.23 | 1.23 |
| SID Met+Cys, % | 0.82 | 0.82 | 0.82 | 0.82 | 0.74 | 0.74 | 0.74 | 0.74 | 0.68 | 0.68 | 0.68 | 0.68 |
| SID Trp, % | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.26 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.23 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.21 |
| SID Thr, % | 0.88 | 0.88 | 0.88 | 0.88 | 0.79 | 0.79 | 0.79 | 0.79 | 0.73 | 0.73 | 0.73 | 0.73 |
| Ca, % | 0.88 | 0.87 | 0.86 | 0.85 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.71 | 0.71 | 0.70 | 0.70 |
| Total P, % | 0.73 | 0.71 | 0.69 | 0.67 | 0.64 | 0.64 | 0.63 | 0.63 | 0.58 | 0.58 | 0.57 | 0.57 |
| STTD5 P, % | 0.50 | 0.48 | 0.47 | 0.45 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.33 |
| Analyzed composition, as-is | ||||||||||||
| Dry matter, % | 91.1 | 91.3 | 91. 6 | 91.7 | 90.3 | 90.4 | 90.4 | 90.5 | 88.9 | 89.0 | 89.0 | 88.8 |
| Crude protein, % | 24.7 | 24.0 | 23.6 | 22.5 | 22.1 | 21.6 | 20.9 | 20.7 | 20.7 | 20.1 | 20.6 | 19.7 |
| Crude ash, % | 6.76 | 6.67 | 6.78 | 6.75 | 6.25 | 6.24 | 6.17 | 6.37 | 4.74 | 4.79 | 4.87 | 4.88 |
| Neutral detergent fiber, % | 6.80 | 6.77 | 6.69 | 6.08 | 7.36 | 7.33 | 7.16 | 6.64 | 6.42 | 6.69 | 6.96 | 7.09 |
| Acid detergent fiber, % | 3.09 | 3.19 | 3.20 | 3.48 | 3.58 | 3.78 | 3.69 | 3.87 | 2.94 | 2.86 | 3.28 | 3.22 |
| Ca, % | 0.91 | 0.82 | 0.81 | 0.78 | 0.80 | 0.81 | 0.79 | 0.83 | 0.76 | 0.78 | 0.75 | 0.73 |
| Total P, % | 0.77 | 0.71 | 0.70 | 0.65 | 0.67 | 0.68 | 0.66 | 0.66 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.55 |
Dietary treatments were supplemented with soy protein concentrate (X-Soy 200, CJ Selecta, MG, Brazil) at four levels replacing animal protein supplements including fish meal, poultry meal, and blood plasma.
The vitamin premix provided per kilogram of complete diet: 6,614 IU of vitamin A as vitamin A acetate, 992 IU of vitamin D3, 19.8 IU of vitamin E, 2.64 mg of vitamin K as menadione sodium bisulfate, 0.03 mg of vitamin B12, 4.63 mg of riboflavin, 18.52 mg of D-pantothenic acid as calcium pantothenate, 24.96 mg of niacin, and 0.07 mg of biotin.
The trace mineral premix provided per kilogram of complete diet: 33 mg of Mn as manganous oxide, 110 mg of Fe as ferrous sulfate, 110 mg of Zn as zinc sulfate, 16.5 mg of Cu as copper sulfate, 0.30 mg of I as ethylenediamine dihydroiodide, and 0.30 mg of Se as sodium selenite.
SID, standardized ileal digestibility.
STTD P, standardized total tract digestible phosphorus.