Table 3.
Adjusted Associations Between Sleep Disorder Group and All-Cause Mortality
| OSA Definition | Insomnia Symptoms Definition | Insomnia Symptoms Alone | OSA Alone | COMISA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AHI ≥ 5* | DIMS ≥5/month, and/or SH use* | 1.04 (0.55, 1.97) | 0.91 (0.53, 1.57) | 1.71 (1.00, 2.93) | |
| AHI ≥ 10 | DIMS ≥5/month, and/or SH use* | 1.18 (0.70, 2.00) | 0.92 (0.54, 1.58) | 1.86 (1.09, 3.19) | |
| AHI ≥ 15 | DIMS ≥5/month, and/or SH use* | 1.58 (0.98, 2.55) | 1.34 (0.77, 2.31) | 1.86 (1.02, 3.41) | |
| AHI ≥ 5* | DIMS ≥5/month AND daytime impairment, and/or SH use | 1.10 (0.50, 2.41) | 1.09 (0.68, 1.73) | 1.82 (0.98, 3.36) | |
| AHI ≥ 5* | DIMS ≥ 16/month, and/or SH use | 1.29 (0.57, 2.94) | 1.13 (0.71, 1.78) | 1.78 (0.94, 3.37) | |
| AHI ≥ 5* | DIMS ≥5/month | 0.92 (0.47, 1.80) | 0.91 (0.54, 1.52) | 1.66 (0.97, 2.83) | |
| AHI ≥ 10 | DIMS ≥5/month | 0.99 (0.57, 1.72) | 0.85 (0.51, 1.43) | 1.86 (1.09, 3.15) | |
| AHI ≥ 15 | DIMS ≥5/month | 1.43 (0.88, 2.32) | 1.25 (0.74, 2.13) | 1.81 (0.98, 3.27) | |
| AHI ≥ 5 | DIMS ≥5/month, and/or SH use* | 1.04 (0.55, 1.97) | Asymptomatic | Symptomatic | 1.71 (1.00, 2.93) |
| 0.84 (0.47, 1.49) | 1.23 (0.54, 2.78) | ||||
Notes: *Primary definition. Quoted values are Hazard Ratios (and 95% CI) against the reference control group with neither sleep disorder. Models are adjusted for age, sex, educational status, smoking status, alcohol intake and BMI.
Abbreviations: AHI, apnea-hypopnea index; COMISA, co-morbid insomnia and sleep apnea; DIMS, difficulties initiating and/or maintaining sleep; OSA, Obstructive sleep apnea; SH, sedative-hypnotic.