Table 1.
Included studies on Cydonia oblonga Miller.
| Authors, Year | Model | Intervention | Duration | Studied factors | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zhou et al. [52] | Renal hypertensive rat | Captopril administration 25 mg/kg/day Various doses of COM leaf extracts |
8 weeks | SBP&DBP | Blood pressure was considerably and dose-dependently lowered by COM leaf extracts. The greatest. COM dose produced the same results as captopril. |
| Abliz et al. [12] | Sprague–Dawley rats received high-fat diet | Simvastatin administration Various doses of COM leaf extracts |
56 days | Lipid profile Liver enzymes MDA Liver steatosis |
COM reduced TC, TG, LDL-C and increased HDL-C dose-dependently. COM inhibited the ALT, AST enzymes activity, and reduced liver steatosis. |
| Zhou et al. [51] | Mice | Aspirin 5 mg/kg/day COM aqueous extracts 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg/day |
2 weeks | Bleeding and clotting times | In comparison to aspirin, COM extracts prolonged bleeding and clotting times in a dose-dependent manner. |
| Khademi et al. [43] | Rabbits | Atorvastatin (0.5 mg/kg) COM leaf extract (50 mg/kg) |
12 weeks | Biopsy of coronary artery Lipid profile, AST, ALT, AP, BUN, Cr |
Treatment with the COM extract at 50 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg atorvastatin lowered plasma lipid profile (P 0.05), liver enzymes, BUN, and Cr levels while also increasing HDL. |
| Khademi et al. [44] | Hypercholsterolemic rabbits | Atorvastatin (0.5 mg/kg) COM leaf extract (50 mg/kg) |
8 weeks | Lipid profileLiver enzymes | Treatment with the COM extract at 50 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg atorvastatin lowered plasma lipid profile (P 0.05), liver enzymes while also increasing HDL-cholesterol levels. |
| Mirmohammadlu et al. [46] | Diabetic rats | Various doses of aqueous extract of COM fruit | Lipid profile, AST, ALT, AP, BUN, Cr | LDL, TC, TG were significantly decreased. HDL was significantly increased. ALT, AST and ALP were significantly reduced. |
|
| Aslan et al. [22] | Healthy and diabetic rats | Various doses of COM leaf extract | 5 days | Fasting blood glucose | Blood glucose levels dropped by 33.8 percent |
| Tang et al. [48] | L6 skeletal muscle cells | Various doses of COM seed extract | 1 h | Glucose consumption and glycogen synthesis | At 12.5 g/ml, glucose intake and glycogen production was boosted |
| Umar et al. [49] | Hyperlipidaemic rats | Various doses of total leaves COM flavonoids Various doses of total fruit COM flavonoids Simvastatin (5 mg/kg) |
4 weeks | Lipid profile, Liver enzymes | Total flavonoids from COM fruit and leaves dramatically lowered TC, TG, LDL, ALT, AST, and MDA while considerably increasing HDL. |
| Mohebbi et al. [47] | Diabetic rats | Various doses of COM fruit aqueous extract | 28 days | Fasting blood glucose | A significant collapse in FBG in a dose-dependent manner |
| Ur rahman et al. [50] | Normotensive, high cholesterol, and glucose fed hypertensive rats | COM extract in 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg dose | 21 days | SBP, DBP | SBP decreased significantly in a dose-dependent manner. COM extract in 600 mg/kg dose produced maximum effect and prevented a rise in blood pressure. |
| Lee et al. [45] | High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese C57BL/6 mice | HFD + 50 mg/kg BW/day COM (COM 50) HFD + 100 mg/kg BW/day COM (COM 100) HFD + 200 mg/kg BW/day COM (COM 200) |
8 weeks | Body weight, fat mass, adipose tissue weight, lipid profile, and leptin | COM showed an anti-obesity effect. COM improved blood HDL, TG, adiponectin levels, body weight, fat mass, adipose tissue weight, insulin resistance, and leptin levels. |
COM: Cydonia oblonga Miller, ALT: alanine transaminase, AST: aspartate transaminase, ALP: alkaline phosphatase, FBG: fasting blood glucose, SBP: systolic blood pressure, DBP: diastolic blood pressure, TC: total cholesterol, LDL: low-density lipoprotein, HDL: high-density lipoprotein, TG: triglycerides.