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. 2022 Sep 25;12(16):6883–6897. doi: 10.7150/thno.77457

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Systematic Study of Near-Infrared Afterglow Properties for SPN(NIR-3). (A) Illustration of the correlation between afterglow intensity and singlet oxygen production. (B) Afterglow intensities of SPN(NIR-3) with different concentrations of SPN(NIR-3). (C) Afterglow images of SPN(NIR-3) with different excitation power and different irradiation times. (D) The corresponding afterglow intensity, quantified from (C). (E) Luminescent decay study of SPN(NIR-3). (F) Fluorescence spectra of SOSG: ¹O₂ generation capacity SPN(NIR-3) with different times irradiation. (G) Correlation between afterglow intensity and ¹O₂ yield for SPN(NIR-3), calculated from (D) and (F). (H) Afterglow luminescence (upper) and fluorescence (lower) images of SPN(NIR-3) through chicken tissues of different thickness. (I) Signal-to-background ratio for afterglow luminescence and fluorescence from (G).