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. 2022 Sep 25;12(16):6883–6897. doi: 10.7150/thno.77457

Figure 6.

Figure 6

In vivo Afterglow Luminescence Imaging Monitoring Immunogenic Cell Death and Therapy Efficiency. (A) Illustration of ICD and anticancer effect induced by the photodynamic effect of SPN(NIR-3). (B) Afterglow (upper panel) and fluorescence (lower panel) images of mice bearing subcutaneous CT26 xenograft tumors i.t. injected with different concentrations of SPN(NIR-3). (C) Corresponding quantification of afterglow intensities for tumor areas in (B). (D) The signal-to-background ratio for afterglow and fluorescence images. (E) Tumor growth curves for each group. (F) Correlation between afterglow intensities and tumor growth inhibition rates on the 16th day, calculated using data from (C) and (E). (G) Flow cytometry assay of matured DCs (CD80+CD86+ gated on CD11c+) in spleens of mice at the third day post different treatments. (H) Populations of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in spleens of mice at the fifth days post different treatments. (I) Interleukin-6 (IL-6) (purple column) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (blue column) levels in spleens of mice detected using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. (J) Representative immunostaining fluorescent confocal images of CRT expression in CT26 tumor slices. (K) H&E staining images of tumor slices at the first day post treatment. P-values were determined using one-way ANOVA (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001).