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. 2022 Oct 3;12(16):6931–6954. doi: 10.7150/thno.77949

Table 4.

AI-based on MRI is applied in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and other pancreatic tumors

Reference Sample size Data source Algorithms Aim Best result
Li et al. 146 267 samples from 4 modalities (T1: 67, T2: 68, DWI: 68, AP: 64) T1, T2, DWI, AP MRI UDA+ meta learning+ GCN PC segmentation DSC (62.08%, T1), (61.35%, T2), (61.88%, DWI), (60.43%, AP)
Chen et al. 147 73 cases multi-sequences MRI Spiral-ResUNet PC segmentation DSC (65.60%), Jaccard index (49.64%), HD (7.27mm), Recall (76.69%), Precision (62.96%)
Liang et al. 148 56 DCE MRI sets DCE MRI CNN (SGDM) PDAC segmentation DSC (71%), HD (7.36mm), MSD (1.78mm)
Goldenberg et al. 149 30 mouse models T1 relaxation, CEST, and DCE MRI SVM PC classification Accuracy (87.5%, CEST) (85.1%, DCE)
Cui et al. 150 202 cases T1-w, T2-w, CET1-w MRI LASSO BD-IPMN grading AUC (0.903), Specificity (94.8%), Sensitivity (73.4%)
Corral et al. 151 139 cases multi-sequences MRI CNN IPMN classification AUC (0.783), Sensitivity (75%), Specificity (78%), PPV (73%), NPV (81%)
Hussein et al. 56 171 cases T2 MRI SVM, RF, 3D CNN IPMN classification Unsupervised:Accuracy (58.04%), Sensitivity (58.61%), Specificity (41.67%); Supervised: Accuracy (84.22%), Sensitivity (97.2%), Specificity (46.5%)
Cheng et al. 152 60 cases CE-CT, T2 MRI LR, SVM Malignant IPMN prediction MRI+SVM: AUC (0.940), Accuracy (86.7%), Sensitivity (95.7%), Specificity (81.1%), PPV (75.9%), NPV (96.8%)
CT+SVM: AUC (0.864), Accuracy (83.3%), Sensitivity (78.3%), Specificity (86.5%), PPV (78.3%), NPV (86.5%)

Abbreviations: AUC: area under the curve; BD-IPMN: branching type IPMN; CEST: chemical exchange saturation transfer; CNN: convolutional neural network; DCE: dynamic contrast enhancement; DSC: dice similarity coefficient; GCN: Graph Convolutional Networks; HD: Hausdorff distance; IPMN: intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm; LR: logistic regression; MLP: multilayer perceptron; MSD: mean surface distance; NPV: negative predictive value; PC: pancreatic cancer; PDAC: pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; PPV: positive predictive value; RF: random forest; SGDM: stochastic gradient descent with momentum; SVM: support vector machine; UDA: unsupervised domain adaptation; AP MRI: atrial phase MRI; DWI: diffusion weighted imaging.