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. 2022 Oct 4;13:1013506. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1013506

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Copyright © 2022 Zheng, Wei, Zhao, Zhang and Ma

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The role of CAMs in chemoresistance and the formation of immunesuppressive microenvironment. (A) CAMs secret HA and OPN to promote the chemoresistance of OC cells. The binding of HA to CD44-Nanog complex activated the expression of Nanog-special target genes Rex1 and Sox2. Some activated Nanog interacted with STAT3 to upregulate the expression of multidrug resistance-1 (MDR1) gene. OPN activated HA/CD44/PI3K-AKT signaling pathway to promote the expression of ABC transporter proteins. (B) CAMs interact with other cells in the microenvironment to promote the formation of immunesuppressive microenvironment in OC. CAMs can secrete Wnt5a to regulate macrophage polarization and increase T regulatory cell infiltration. M2 macrophages promote the adhesion of CAMs and OC cells by overexpressing MIP-1β. The figure was created with BioRender.com.