Table 5.
Means, standard deviations (SD), and effects sizes with lower and upper 95% confidence limits (Cl) for rehabilitation without and with audiobiofeedback (ABF) groups pre- and post-rehabilitation on Central Sensorimotor Integration (CSMI) test measures of sway.
| Variable | Pre mean (SD) | Post mean (SD) | Effect size with lower and upper 95% CI | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Without ABF | With ABF | Without ABF | With ABF | Without ABF | With ABF | |
| CSMI condition—SS/EC | ||||||
| RMS CoM sway | 0.99 (0.38) | 0.895 (0.16) | 0.827 (0.214) | 0.738 (0.155) | −0.51** (−1.05, −0.24) | −0.96*** (−1.59, −0.46) |
| RMS remnant CoM sway | 0.616 (0.209) | 0.625 (0.227) | 0.468 (0.149) | 0.439 (0.129) | −0.78** (−1.47, −0.39) | −0.97*** (−1.71, −0.61) |
| RMS internal sensory noise | 0.198 (0.085) | 0.188 (0.058) | 0.16 (0.04) | 0.156 (0.049) | −0.54** (−1.15, 0.12) | −0.58** (−1.48, −0.08) |
| CSMI condition—SS + VS/EO | ||||||
| RMS CoM sway | 1.12 (0.32) | 1.05 (0.17) | 1.02 (0.3) | 0.895 (0.198) | −0.31* (−0.98, 0.07) | −0.8*** (−1.47, −0.28) |
| RMS remnant CoM sway | 0.586 (0.295) | 0.575 (0.245) | 0.429 (0.163) | 0.408 (0.145) | −0.63** (−1.1, −0.27) | −0.8*** (−1.29, −0.41) |
| RMS internal sensory noise | 0.173 (0.078) | 0.164 (0.061) | 0.134 (0.036) | 0.137 (0.051) | −0.61** (−1.21, −0.29) | −0.46* (−1.04, −0.02) |
All sway and noise measures have units of degrees. EC, eyes closed; EO, eyes open; SS, support surface stimulus; VS, visual surround stimulus; RMS, root mean square; CoM, center of mass.
***
Large effect;
**
Medium effect;
*
Small effect. Cell shading indicates the strength of effect size for a quick comparison with increasing shading darkness indicating larger effect sizes.