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. 2022 Oct 18;41(3):111496. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111496

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© 2022 The Authors

Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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Specificity of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies induced after SARS-CoV-2 infection versus vaccination

(A and B) ELISAs were completed to quantify levels of serum antibodies binding to the SARS-CoV-2 full-length spike (FL-S) protein, the S1 domain (S1) of S, and the S2 domain (S2) of S after SARS-CoV-2 infection (A) and mRNA vaccination (B).

(C–E) We calculated fold change in antibody titers before and after seroconversion and pre-/post-prime and boost doses of a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine.

(F and G) SARS-CoV-2 pseudotype neutralization assays were completed with sera samples from SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals (F) and SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-vaccinated participants (G).

(H) Fold change in neutralization titers was calculated before and after seroconversion and pre-/post-prime and boost doses of a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine.

For (A), (B), (F), and (G), we completed paired t tests or one-way ANOVA of log2-transformed titers; ^∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001, ^∗∗∗p < 0.001, ^∗∗p < 0.01, ^∗p < 0.05. For (C)–(E) and (H), we completed one-way ANOVA of titer fold changes; ^∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001, ^∗∗p < 0.01 ^∗p < 0.05. Data are representative of two independent experiments. Neutralizing antibody titers of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinated participants have been previously reported in Goel et al. (2021a).