Table 4.
Prognostic factors of a 3-year survival and local recurrence by univariate analysis (overall cohort)
| Variables | N=211 | Overall survival (%) | P* | Disease-free survival (%) | P* | Cumulative local recurrence (%) | P* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 0.707 | 0.809 | 0.410 | ||||
| ≤65 | 132 | 88.1 | 79.9 | 7.4 | |||
| > 65 | 79 | 86.0 | 80.2 | 4.4 | |||
| Sex | 0.090 | 0.898 | 0.312 | ||||
| Male | 124 | 90.6 | 79.9 | 7.8 | |||
| Female | 87 | 82.5 | 80.4 | 3.9 | |||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.364 | 0.255 | 0.822 | ||||
| ≤25 | 169 | 86.2 | 78.4 | 6.6 | |||
| >25 | 42 | 92.1 | 86.9 | 5.4 | |||
| ASA score | 0.385 | 0.144 | 0.373 | ||||
| 1 | 1 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | |||
| 2 | 85 | 83.9 | 75.8 | 9.7 | |||
| 3 | 125 | 89.5 | 85.5 | 4.3 | |||
| CEA (ng/ml) | 0.056 | 0.001 | 0.010 | ||||
| ≤6.5 | 164 | 89.7 | 84.7 | 4.0 | |||
| > 6.5 | 47 | 78.6 | 63.5 | 15.5 | |||
| CA199 (ng/ml) | <0.001 | 0.015 | 0.124 | ||||
| ≤27 | 182 | 90.7 | 82.4 | 5.4 | |||
| > 27 | 29 | 64.5 | 63.0 | 13.5 | |||
| Surgical approach | 0.671 | 0.776 | 0.797 | ||||
| Open | 49 | 86.9 | 77.7 | 4.8 | |||
| Laparoscopy | 92 | 85.6 | 79.3 | 7.5 | |||
| Robot | 70 | 89.9 | 82.7 | 6.0 | |||
| Previous abdominal surgery | 0.528 | 0.307 | 0.285 | ||||
| Yes | 45 | 90.2 | 85.5 | 9.6 | |||
| No | 166 | 86.6 | 78.6 | 5.4 | |||
| Smoking and drinking history | 0.433 | 0.222 | 0.155 | ||||
| Yes | 66 | 90.1 | 74.5 | 4.6 | |||
| No | 145 | 86.1 | 82.6 | 10.1 | |||
| Family history of CRC | 0.285 | 0.637 | 0.233 | ||||
| Yes | 21 | 95.0 | 85.2 | 0.0 | |||
| No | 190 | 86.4 | 79.5 | 7.1 | |||
| With comorbidities | 0.264 | 0.906 | 0.775 | ||||
| Yes | 80 | 83.4 | 80.0 | 5.6 | |||
| No | 131 | 89.7 | 80.1 | 6.8 | |||
| Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.220 | ||||
| Yes | 47 | 70.6 | 85.0 | 10.2 | |||
| No | 164 | 92.1 | 62.9 | 5.4 | |||
| Perioperative morbidity | 0.963 | 0.758 | 0.740 | ||||
| Yes | 45 | 87.8 | 77.8 | 5.4 | |||
| No | 166 | 87.2 | 80.6 | 6.6 | |||
| Tumor location | 0.821 | 0.542 | 0.511 | ||||
| TC&SF | 50 | 89.2 | 85.6 | 4.4 | |||
| UDC | 74 | 85.6 | 76.8 | 4.8 | |||
| LDC | 87 | 87.7 | 79.6 | 8.7 | |||
| With adenomatous polyps | 0.009 | 0.067 | 0.137 | ||||
| Yes | 56 | 98.0 | 88.6 | 1.8 | |||
| No | 155 | 83.6 | 77.0 | 8.1 | |||
| Neoplasm diameter (cm) | 0.395 | 0.816 | 0.089 | ||||
| ≤5 | 136 | 85.8 | 80.7 | 4.2 | |||
| >5 | 75 | 89.9 | 79.0 | 10.2 | |||
| Tumor differentiation | 0.022 | 0.002 | 0.089 | ||||
| Well | 21 | 100.0 | 89.7 | 0.0 | |||
| Moderate | 159 | 88.5 | 83.4 | 5.5 | |||
| Poor | 20 | 74.4 | 59.2 | 13.8 | |||
| Mucinous | 11 | 70.0 | 50.5 | 22.2 | |||
| pTNM stage | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.030 | ||||
| I | 34 | 96.6 | 90.1 | 0.0 | |||
| II | 91 | 95.3 | 89.5 | 3.6 | |||
| III | 86 | 75.9 | 66.4 | 11.9 | |||
| pT stage | 0.067 | 0.148 | 0.434 | ||||
| T1 | 22 | 100.0 | 95.0 | 0.0 | |||
| T2 | 13 | 100.0 | 91.7 | 0.0 | |||
| T3 | 21 | 95.2 | 85.4 | 5.0 | |||
| T4a | 155 | 83.5 | 76.4 | 7.9 | |||
| pN stage | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.007 | ||||
| N0 | 125 | 95.7 | 89.6 | 2.7 | |||
| N1 | 58 | 87.5 | 74.9 | 9.1 | |||
| N2 | 28 | 52.0 | 48.9 | 19.4 | |||
| Number of lymph nodes detected | 0.395 | 0.856 | 0.306 | ||||
| ≤15 | 137 | 85.8 | 79.8 | 5.0 | |||
| >15 | 74 | 89.9 | 80.4 | 8.8 | |||
| With lymphovascular invasion | <0.001 | 0.001 | 0.059 | ||||
| Yes | 35 | 69.9 | 59.8 | 14.8 | |||
| No | 176 | 90.8 | 83.9 | 4.9 | |||
| With extranodal tumor deposits | 0.004 | <0.001 | 0.331 | ||||
| Yes | 33 | 72.5 | 57.3 | 10.9 | |||
| No | 178 | 90.3 | 84.5 | 5.6 | |||
| With perineural invasion | 0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 75 | 77.1 | 65.9 | 15.9 | |||
| No | 136 | 92.8 | 87.7 | 1.6 |
Abbreviation: BMI Body mass index, ASA American Society of Anesthesiology, CRC Colorectal cancer, TC The distal 1/3 of the transverse colon, SF Splenic flexure, UDC Upper segment of descending colon, LDC Lower segment of the descending colon, pTNM Pathological tumor-node-metastasis
*The 3-year overall and disease-free survival rates and cumulative local recurrence were calculated by using the Kaplan–Meier method