Table 1.

Important natural products derived from plant sources

	Botanical source	Ethnobotanical compounds	Therapeutic application	References
Single molecules	Hyperian perfotum	Hypericin	Immunogenic cell death inducer	[45]
	Lithospermum erythrorhizon	Shikonin	Immunogenic cell death inducer	[100]
	Scutellaria baicalensis	Wogonine	Immunogenic cell death inducer	[51]
	Piper nigrum	Piperine	Nanotheranostic agent for cancer treatment	[11]
Phytopharmaceutical drugs	Berberis vulgaris L	Berberine, Jatrorrhizine, Palmatine, Ceptisine	Antidiabetic, Anticancer, Antibacterial, Analgesic, Antiinflammatory, and Cardiovascular	[79]
	Cinchona spp	Quinine	Antimalarial drugs	[57]
	Artemisia annua	Artemisinin	Type I diabetes and cancer	[47]
	Salvia divinorum	Salvinorin A	Neuro-psychopharmacotherapeutic plant-based drugs	[53]
	Cleome	Pinocembrin, Kaempferol, Kaempferitrin	Anti-cancer	[10]
	Silybum marianum	Silymarin	Hepatoprotective activities	[26]
	Taxus brevifolia	Taxol	Lung, ovarian and breast cancer	[55]
	Coleus forskohlii	Forskolin	Antiglaucoma drug	[89]
	Curcuma longa L. (Turmeric)	Curcumin	Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, arthritis, metabolic syndrome and pain	[38]
	Galanthus nivalis	Galantamine	Alzhemer	[15]
	Capsicum annuum	Capsaicin	Pain relievers	[67]
	Artemisia glabella	Arglabin	Anti-tumor	[54]
	Genista tinctoria L	Genistein	Anticancer, Alzheimer’s disease	[86]
	Vitis vinifera L	Resveratrol	Chemotherapeutic, antidiabetic, antioxidant	[24]
	Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Neem)	Azadirachtin	Insecticidal and antimicrobial	[84]
	Panax ginseng (Black ginseng)	Extract	Anticancer; anti-inflammatory	[56]
	Althaea officinalis	Extract	Anti-inflammatory	[37]
	Punica granatum (Pomegranate)	Extract	Antidiarrheal activity	[72]
	Averrhoa carambola	Extract	CNS depressant and hypnotic properties	[1]
	Ganoderma lucidum, Glycyrrhiza uralensis and Sophora flavescens	Extracts	Anti-asthma	[95]
	Trigonella foenum-graceum L	Trigonelline, Diaszhenin	Antidiabetic, Anti-conception	[6]
	Capsicum annuum	Capsaicin	Antilithogenic effect, Antiinflammatory	[80]
Plant-made biologics	Genetically engineered carrot cells produce enzyme Taliglucerase Alfa	–	Gaucher´s disease	[27]