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. 2022 Oct 19;12:17423. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-21475-y

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Covid-19 patient survival with and without VV-ECMO intervention during their hospital stay. (a) The Kaplan–Meier estimator was used to estimate survival function. The starting-point was ICU admission and the endpoint was ICU discharge. Group 1 = critically ill COVID-19 patients treated without VV-ECMO; Group 2 = critically ill COVID-19 patients with VV-ECMO treatment. Critically ill COVID-19 patients with VV-ECMO treatment had a significantly lower survival during the hospital stay compared to those without the treatment (p < 0.001). (b) Among the VV-ECMO patients there was no significant difference with regard to the number of days on VV-ECMO between the patients who died during their hospital stay and survivors (p = 0.35). The descriptive plot of means and error bars indicate the traditional 95% confidence intervals.