Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of in unmatched study groups
| Clinical variables | Overall series n = 511 | Femoral access n = 449 | Carotid access n = 62 | Standardized difference | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 84 (6)∗ | 84 (6)∗ | 83 (10.75)∗ | 0.247 | .13† |
| Male | 244 (47.7) | 211 (47.0) | 33 (53.2) | 0.125 | .42‡ |
| Body mass index | 26 (7)∗ | 27 (6)∗ | 25 (7.75)∗ | 0.181 | .11† |
| COPD | 157 (30.7) | 134 (29.8) | 23 (37.1) | 0.154 | .24‡ |
| NYHA class | 0.157 | .30‡ | |||
| 2 | 179 (35) | 160 (35.6) | 19 (30.6) | ||
| 3 | 324 (63.4) | 283 (63.0) | 41 (66.1) | ||
| 4 | 8 (1.6) | 6 (1.3) | 2 (3.2) | ||
| Diabetes | 157 (30.7) | 138 (30.7) | 19 (30.6) | 0.002 | 1.00‡ |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 0.140 | .90‡ | |||
| >90 | 7 (1.4) | 6 (1.3) | 1 (1.6) | ||
| >60-90 | 200 (39.1) | 178 (39.6) | 22 (35.5) | ||
| >30-60 | 197 (38.6) | 173 (38.5) | 24 (38.7) | ||
| >15-30 | 83 (16.2) | 71 (15.8) | 12 (19.4) | ||
| <15 | 12 (2.3) | 10 (2.2) | 2 (3.2) | ||
| Dialysis | 12 (2.3) | 11 (2.4) | 1 (1.6) | ||
| Peripheral artery disease | 88 (17.2) | 60 (13.4) | 28 (45.2) | 0.746 | <.01‡ |
| Atrial fibrillation | 196 (38.4) | 169 (37.6) | 27 (43.5) | 0.121 | .41‡ |
| Previous pacemaker | 62 (12.1) | 55 (12.2) | 7 (11.3) | 0.030 | 1.00‡ |
| Coronary artery disease | 263 (51.5) | 234 (52.1) | 29 (46.8) | 0.107 | .50‡ |
| Previous PCI | 173 (33.9) | 152 (33.9) | 21 (33.9) | <0.001 | 1.00‡ |
| Previous CABG | 31 (6.1) | 21 (4.7) | 10 (16.1) | 0.382 | <.01‡ |
| SPAP, mm Hg | 0.321 | .15‡ | |||
| <25 | 220 (43) | 192 (42.8) | 28 (45.2) | ||
| 25-31 | 82 (16) | 67 (14.9) | 15 (24.2) | ||
| 31-55 | 146 (28.6) | 131 (29.2) | 15 (24.2) | ||
| >55 | 63 (12.3) | 59 (13.1) | 4 (6.5) | ||
| Mitral valve insufficiency | 126 (24.7) | 113 (25.2) | 13 (21.0) | 0.100 | .53‡ |
| LVEF, % | 56 (15)∗ | 57 (15)∗ | 55 (10)∗ | 0.146 | .22† |
| EuroSCORE II, % | 4.5 (4.68)∗ | 4.3 (4.4)∗ | 5.55 (6.18)∗ | 0.264 | <.01† |
Values are reported as counts and percentages or mean and standard deviation. COPD, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; NYHA, New York Heart Association; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; SPAP, systolic pulmonary artery pressure; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; EuroSCORE II, European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation II.
∗
Median (interquartile ranges).
†
Unpaired Wilcoxon test.
‡
Fisher exact test.