Table 1.
Descriptive Statistics of Take Heart Participants, Overall and by Group Assignment
| Respondent Characteristics | Overall N = 453a | Intervention n = 228 | Control n = 225 | p-Value for between-group comparisonsb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years, mean (SD) | 65.4 (±9.0) | 65.5 (±9.3) | 65.3 (±8.6) | .8040 | |
| Sex, n (%) | Male | 118 (26.0) | 73 (32.0) | 45 (20.1) | .0096 |
| Female | 334 (73.7) | 155 (68.0) | 179 (79.9) | ||
| Race, n (%) | Hispanic | 4 (0.9) | 2 (0.9) | 2 (0.9) | .9626 |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 380 (83.9) | 193 (85.8) | 187 (85.0) | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 20 (4.4) | 10 (4.4) | 10 (4.5) | ||
| Otherc | 41 (9.1) | 20 (8.9) | 21 (9.5) | ||
| Education, n (%) | <High school | 53 (11.7) | 23 (10.2) | 30 (13.3) | .1794 |
| High school grad or GED | 111 (24.5) | 55 (24.3) | 56 (24.9) | ||
| Some college | 194 (42.8) | 107 (47.3) | 87 (38.7) | ||
| College graduate or higher | 93 (20.5) | 41 (18.1) | 52 (23.1) | ||
| Marital status, n (%) | Married/partnered | 57 (12.6) | 24 (10.8) | 33 (14.7) | .2774 |
| Employment status, n (%) | Employed | 45 (9.9) | 26 (11.6) | 19 (8.4) | .5600 |
| Retired | 226 (49.9) | 107 (47.8) | 119 (52.7) | ||
| Unemployed | 86 (19.0) | 45 (20.1) | 41 (18.1) | ||
| Other | 95 (21.0) | 46 (20.5) | 49 (21.7) | ||
| Self-rated health, n (%) | Excellent | 8 (1.8) | 2 (0.9) | 6 (2.7) | .3644 |
| Very good | 41 (9.1) | 22 (9.7) | 19 (8.4) | ||
| Good | 146 (32.2) | 79 (34.8) | 67 (29.8) | ||
| Fair | 177 (39.1) | 89 (39.2) | 88 (39.1) | ||
| Poor | 80 (17.7) | 35 (15.4) | 45 (20.0) | ||
| Income | ≤$15,000 | 250 (58.9) | 134 (62.3) | 116 (55.2) | .0686 |
| $15,001–$40,000 | 134 (31.5) | 67 (31.2) | 67 (31.9) | ||
| >$40,000 | 41 (9.6) | 14 (6.5) | 27 (12.9) | ||
| Heart disease diagnoses, n (%) | Atrial fibrillation | 86 (19.0) | 42 (18.4) | 44 (19.6) | .7582 |
| Myocardial infarction | 79 (17.4) | 41 (18.0) | 38 (16.9) | .7591 | |
| Valvular disease | 34 (7.5) | 12 (5.3) | 22 (9.8) | .0682 | |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 18 (4.0) | 11 (4.8) | 7 (3.1) | .3506 | |
| Angina | 77 (17.0) | 33 (14.5) | 44 (19.6) | .1499 | |
| Congestive heart failure | 78 (17.2) | 33 (14.5) | 45 (20.0) | .1193 | |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 53 (11.7) | 27 (11.8) | 26 (11.6) | .9244 | |
| Other heart disease condition | 15 (3.3) | 9 (3.9) | 6 (2.7) | .4463 | |
| Risk factors, n (%) | High cholesterol | 354 (78.1) | 184 (80.7) | 170 (75.6) | .1851 |
| High blood pressure | 414 (91.4) | 210 (92.1) | 204 (90.7) | .5852 | |
| Diabetes | 197 (43.5) | 109 (47.8) | 88 (39.1) | .0619 | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 26 (5.7) | 10 (4.4) | 16 (7.1) | .2125 | |
| Current smoker | 133 (29.4) | 63 (27.6) | 70 (31.8) | .2125 | |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | Depression | 171 (37.7) | 91 (40.1) | 80 (35.7) | .6324 |
| Cancer | 70 (15.5) | 35 (15.5) | 35 (15.6) | .8504 | |
| Prediabetes | 188 (41.5) | 104 (45.8) | 84 (37.8) | .1374 | |
| Stroke | 75 (16.6) | 33 (14.6) | 42 (18.8) | .4240 | |
| Arthritis | 304 (67.1) | 146 (64.0) | 158 (71.5) | .0311 | |
| COPD | 121 (26.7) | 50 (22.3) | 71 (32.0) | .0674 | |
| Asthma | 121 (26.7) | 57 (25.3) | 64 (29.0) | .6375 | |
| Sum of comorbidities, mean sum (SD) | 2.3 (1.4) | 2.3 (1.4) | 2.4 (1.4) | .2825 |
Notes: GED = general educational development; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
aNot all counts add to 453 due to missing values.
bDifferences in means of continuous variables were determined using t-tests; difference in percentages with chi-square tests.
c“Other” includes multiracial and American/Alaskan Native. All but one participant in this category marked a racial group as African American/Black.