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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Soc Sci Med. 2022 Feb 7;316:114789. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114789

Table 2.

Unstandardized results from LDS models adjusted only for age and sex/gender

Initial Latent change
Estimate SE p Estimate SE p
Model 1: Hippocampal volume
 Fixed effects 7.28 .10 < .001 −0.24 .04 < .001
 Random effects 0.71 .07 < .001 0.05 .01 < .001
Model 2: WMH volume
 Fixed effects 0.50 .06 < .001 0.07 .04 .050
 Random effects 0.24 .02 < .001 0.04 .01 < .001

Note. LDS = Latent difference score; SE = Standard error; WMH = White matter hyperintensities (log-transformed)