TABLE 1.

Demographic and Clinical Characteristics, Unique number of subjects = 157

Variable	N	%
Unique subjects	157	100
Subjects with 2 clinic examinations and home visits	93	59.2
Demographics (unique subjects at the time of first visit)
Mean age (years) ± SD	59.9 ± 11.4
Sex, male	136	86.6
Race, white	84	53.5
Ethnicity, Hispanic	50	31.8
Smoking
Past	87	55.4
Current	49	31.2
Comorbidities (at the time each clinical visit)
Depression	175	66.0
Osteoarthritis	144	54.6
Hypercholesteremia	120	45.5
Hypertension	148	55.9
Diabetes mellitus	86	33.2
Sleep apnea	91	34.6
Post-traumatic stress disorder	50	21.9
Hepatitis C	39	14.7
Traumatic brain injury	4	1.5
Medications (at the time each clinical visit)
Analgesics	154	58.1
Antianxiety	131	49.4
Antidepressant	133	50.2
Cholesterol-lowering agent	122	46.0
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent	47	17.7
Dry eye symptoms at the time of each clinical visit
DEQ5 (0–22, <6 normal)	10.8 ± 5.3
OSDI (0–100, <12 normal)	33.5 ± 24.6
Intensity of ocular pain, average over 1 week (0–10)	3.0 ± 2.6
Total NSPI (0–100)	26.0 ± 20.5
Dry eye signs (at the time each clinical visit)
Osmolarity (mOsm/L)	313.1 ± 18.7
Inflammation+, n (%)	66 (26.4)
Tear break-up time (seconds)	8.1 ± 5.0
Corneal epithelial disruption (0–15)	1.8 ± 2.8
Schirmer score (mm wetting at 5 minutes)	16.5 ± 9.3
Eyelid vascularity (0–3)	0.7 ± 1.0
Meibomian gland dropout (0–4)	1.7 ± 1.2
Meibum quality (0–4)	1.5 ± 1.2

DEQ5 = Dry Eye Questionnaire 5; NSPI = Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory; OSDI = Ocular Surface Disease Index.