Table 2.

Themes, Codes, and Representative Quotes From the Analysis of Resident Reflections

Code	Code Description	Representative Quote
Theme 1: Awareness
Increased awareness and discussion of racism in daily life	Response indicated that the events have brought more attention to the topic of racism and racial disparities in their day-to-day life, perhaps thinking about it more often than they normally do.	“There has been more unrest in our community and more discussions about this movement. Some made me uncomfortable; some made me feel better.” “It has brought up conversations about race that wouldn't have been generally brought up in the past.”
Problem is nothing new, but light has been shone on it	Response acknowledged that the events highlight the problem of racism but does not express surprise toward them.	“It should have been addressed much sooner. The intrinsic bias against different races other than White would be difficult to eliminate.” “It exists. And should be addressed.”
Newfound/improved realization of racism	Response indicated a new understanding (not just increased) of racism or new motivation to help spread change.	“Realizing that being anti-racist is very active. It is more than just saying, ‘I am not a racist.'” “I have been able to think more in-depth about these issues as there are more discussions about it.”
Theme 2: Emotional Response
Overwhelmed by events—including scope of protests, fear for personal safety, lack of knowledge in how to get involved	Response indicated feelings of helplessness provoked by the events in relation to the scope of racism or how to help the issue.	“Emotionally unpacking has been difficult and knowing what to do to contribute meaningfully to a better society is overwhelming.” “It's frustrating to see how it takes all these protests to guide institutional change. I don't know how treating everyone as equals is even a debate.”
Anger/frustration toward events	Response indicated emotional response of anger, frustration, or disappointment toward the death of George Floyd and the current state of racial disparity in their life or society.	“I am confused on how our residency program feels about systemic racism/racial injustice. I see these emails from Dr. Simons, and yet I see no response from our program director. I am angry because we should be welcoming to our new interns of color rather than making them worry that they may not feel supported by our program.” “Yes, I am appalled at what happened and with the lack of respect for human life by that individual police officer. Really highlighted the racist undertones of our country.”
Theme 3: Self-Reflection
Self-reflection on privilege	Response reflects on the privileges one's race affords (or does not afford) them, and how that might affect their life experience.	“There have been protests in my area. Has made me examine my own life and the amount of privilege I have.” “I am trying to be conscious of racial bias in my practice and trying to read books/watch documentaries in my free time relating to racial injustice.”
Self-reflection on personal actions and identity	Response reflects on how one's personal actions may help propagate or dismantle racism within their personal and professional lives.	“This has allowed me to really self-reflect on my own bias and be more conscious about checking these at the door before I walk into a patient's room.” “Reevaluating the health disparities and context in which our patients present to clinic and to the hospital.”
Theme 4: Motivation for Change
Homeostasis—life was minimally impacted	Response indicated that the events did not affect their life or worldview significantly.	“To be honest, my life has been very minimally impacted other than getting more emails and hearing more about social injustice.” “Sadly, it hasn't been directly affected. The weirdest thing was being overnight in the hospital and getting the stay-at-home alerts on my phone.”
Hope for the future	Response indicated hope that the events will inspire positive change in the country.	“I think it was nice to see how many people turned out in protest to stand up for Black lives.” “The persistence of racism in our society does make me concerned for my family and my safety and well-being, especially with our current government. But I am hopeful that these protests are a sign that the majority of Americans are fed up with our current status quo and will continue to fight for change.”
Consciously increasing respect for others	Response deliberately indicated intent to improve how they view and treat patients and co-workers, especially in the context of race.	“I've gained a ton of respect for those I interact with and their morality.” “Lot more people being more respectful of others who are not like them.” “Structural racism exists within the systems in which we work, including within medicine. I personally believe it is our responsibility to be not only ‘not racist,' but to be ‘anti-racist.' If we don't speak up and out about injustices, change cannot occur, and what we tolerate, we promote.”