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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Ocean Coast Econ. 2022 Aug 1;9(1):1–51. doi: 10.15351/2373-8456.1152

Table A-6.

Summary Statistics for Variables Included in Participation and Effort Models

Variable N Mean Value Standard Deviation Min Max
Miles to coast* – all respondents 1,437 6.57 9.55 0.00 52.24
Miles to coast* – non-participants 356 8.53 10.63 0.01 47.70
Miles to coast* – participants 1,081 5.92 9.07 0.00 52.24

Household size – all respondents 1,327 2.36 1.21 1 9
Household size – non-participants 321 2.04 1.14 1 8
Household size – participants 1,006 2.47 1.21 1 9

Age – all respondents 1,295 57.57 16.05 15 103
Age – non-participants 315 62.86 17.41 15 95
Age – participants 980 55.87 15.21 17 103

Female – all respondents 1,330 0.52 0.50 0 1
Female – non-participants 319 0.51 0.50 0 1
Female – participants 1,011 0.52 0.50 0 1

Non-white** – all respondents 1,209 0.07 0.26 0 1
Non-white** – non-participants 298 0.15 0.36 0 1
Non-white** – participants 911 0.05 0.22 0 1

High education*** – all respondents 1,337 0.66 0.47 0 1
High education*** – non-participants 328 0.48 0.50 0 1
High education*** – participants 1,009 0.72 0.45 0 1

High income**** – all respondents 1,008 0.44 0.50 0 1
High income**** – non-participants 249 0.24 0.43 0 1
High income**** – participants 759 0.51 0.50 0 1

Second home***** – all respondents 1,320 0.11 0.31 0 1
Second home***** – non-participants 323 0.04 0.20 0 1
Second home***** – participants 997 0.13 0.34 0 1

Shore activities – all respondents 1,437 0.66 0.47 0 1
Shore activities – participants 1,081 0.88 0.32 0 1

Wildlife viewing – all respondents 1,437 0.26 0.44 0 1
Wildlife viewing – participants 1,081 0.34 0.47 0 1

Fishing or hunting – all respondents 1,437 0.19 0.40 0 1
Fishing or hunting – participants 1,081 0.26 0.44 0 1

Boardsports – all respondents 1,437 0.13 0.33 0 1
Boardsports – participants 1,081 0.17 0.37 0 1

Nonmotorized boating – all respondents 1,437 0.23 0.42 0 1
Nonmotorized boating – participants 1,081 0.31 0.46 0 1

Motorized boating – all respondents 1,437 0.16 0.37 0 1
Motorized boating – participants 1,081 0.22 0.41 0 1

Water immersion – all respondents 1,437 0.47 0.50 0 1
Water immersion – participants 1,081 0.62 0.49 0 1
*

Straight line distance from center of residence census block to coast

**

Any single or combined race category that does not include white

***

4-year college degree or graduate degree

****

HH income $100,000 or higher

*****

Owns a second home at the coast