Table 1.

Risk factors for specific types of AMI

	Pathogenesis of AMI
	Acute mesenteric arterial embolism	Acute mesenteric arterial thrombosis	NOMI	Mesenteric venous thrombosis
Risk factors	Atrial fibrillation recent MI cardiac thrombi Mitral valve disease Left ventricular aneurysm Endocarditis Previous embolic disease	Diffuse atherosclerotic disease Postprandial pain Weight loss	Cardiac failure Low flow states Multiorgan dysfunction Vasopressors Abdominal compartment syndrome	Portal hypertension history of VTE Oral Contraceptives Estrogen use Thrombophilia Pancreatitis
Clinical onset	Sudden strong abdominal pain, vomiting	Progressive or sudden abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea and/or melena	Progressive pain, mild	Nonspecific GI symptoms, abdominal distension, worsening of general condition
Vascular involvement	Main artery or branches of SMA	Celiac trunk, SMA, IMA origins	Superior mesenteric vein, progression to portal vein	Stenosis of SMA

AMI Acute mesenteric ischemia; NOMI Non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia; MI Myocardial infarction; SMA Superior mesenteric artery; IMA Inferior mesenteric artery; GI Gastrointestinal; and VTE Venous thromboembolism