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. 2021 Oct 5;3:726936. doi: 10.3389/frph.2021.726936

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Copyright © 2021 Lingegowda, Miller, Marks, Symons, Alward, Lomax, Koti and Tayade.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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MAPK and Akt protein kinases are significantly altered in 12Z cells treated with WIN 55. (A-F) Total protein obtained from 12Z cells treated with WIN 55 showed significantly lower levels of ATF2, Erk 1/2, p38, MSK1, JNK, and Akt. (G-I) On the other hand, protein levels of HSP27, p53, and MEK1 were significantly higher in the cells treated with WIN 55. (J) Although a positive trend was noticed, c-Jun levels did not show significant changes when compared with cells treated with vehicle, apart from 1 μM concentration. Ordinary one-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc. *P < 0.05 **P < 0.01 ***P < 0.001 ****P < 0.0001.