TABLE 3.
Literature review and our series of subdiaphragmatic bronchogenic cysts.
| Total (n = 126) | Literature (n = 107) | Our series (n = 19) | p value | |
| Age, years | n = 126 | n = 107 | n = 19 | 0.261 |
| Median | 41.0 | 41.0 | 44.0 | – |
| IQR | 30.0–51.0 | 27.0–51.0 | 35.0–46.5 | – |
| Range | 0.0–81.0 | 0.0–81.0 | 29.0–65.0 | – |
| Sex | n = 126 | n = 107 | n = 19 | 0.008 |
| Male | 62 (49.2%) | 58 (54.2%) | 4 (21.1%) | – |
| Female | 64 (50.8%) | 49 (45.8%) | 15 (78.9%) | – |
| Country | n = 126 | n = 107 | n = 19 | – |
| Asia | 87 (69.0%) | 68 (63.6%) | 19 (100%) | – |
| China | 44 (34.9%) | 25 (23.4%) | 19 (100%) | – |
| Europe | 21 (16.7%) | 21 (19.6%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| North America | 12 (9.5%) | 12 (11.2%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Oceania | 3 (2.4%) | 3 (2.8%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| South America | 2 (1.6%) | 2 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Africa | 1 (0.8%) | 1 (0.9%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Symptoms | n = 122 | n = 103 | n = 19 | – |
| Asymptomatic | 58 (47.5%) | 44 (42.7%) | 14 (73.7%) | 0.013 |
| Symptomatic | 64 (52.5%) | 59 (57.3%) | 5 (26.3%) | 0.013 |
| Abdominal pain/flank pain | 38 (31.1%) | 35 (34.0%) | 3 (15.8%) | – |
| Cyst number | n = 126 | n = 107 | n = 19 | 0.761 |
| 1 cyst | 122 (96.8%) | 103 (96.3%) | 19 (100%) | – |
| 2 cysts | 2 (1.6%) | 2 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| 3 cysts | 1 (0.8%) | 1 (0.9%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| 4 cysts | 1 (0.8%) | 1 (0.9%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Cyst size, cm | n = 130 | n = 111 | n = 19 | 0.462 |
| Median | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.1 | – |
| IQR | 3.5–7.1 | 3.5–7.3 | 3.6–6.6 | – |
| Range | 1.5–18.9 | 1.5–18.9 | 2.5–9.4 | – |
| Cyst localization | n = 130 | n = 111 | n = 19 | – |
| Left abdomen | 100 (76.9%) | 85 (76.6%) | 15 (78.9%) | 0.892 |
| Midline | 12 (9.2%) | 10 (9.0%) | 2 (10.5%) | 0.892 |
| Right abdomen | 18 (13.8%) | 16 (14.4%) | 2 (10.5%) | 0.892 |
| Upper abdomen | 121 (93.1%) | 105 (94.6%) | 16 (84.2%) | 0.126 |
| Lower abdomen | 9 (6.9%) | 6 (5.4%) | 3 (15.8%) | 0.126 |
| Retroperitoneal | 101 (77.7%) | 85 (76.6%) | 16 (84.2%) | 0.564 |
| Intra-abdominal | 29 (22.3%) | 26 (23.4%) | 3 (15.8%) | 0.564 |
| Left adrenal region | 47 (36.2%) | 40 (36.0%) | 7 (36.8%) | – |
| Pancreatic region | 15 (11.5%) | 12 (10.8%) | 3 (15.8%) | – |
| Gastric cardia/lesser curvature of stomach | 12 (9.2%) | 9 (8.1%) | 3 (15.8%) | – |
| Enhancement on CT/MRI | n = 69 | n = 50 | n = 19 | 0.375 |
| No | 49 (71.0%) | 37 (74.0%) | 12 (63.2%) | – |
| Yes | 20 (29.0%) | 13 (26.0%) | 7 (36.8%) | – |
| Surgical procedure | n = 91 | n = 72 | n = 19 | – |
| Laparoscopy | 58 (63.7%) | 42 (58.3%) | 16 (84.2%) | – |
| Laparotomy | 25 (27.5%) | 23 (31.9%) | 2 (10.5%) | – |
| Robotic surgery | 2 (2.2%) | 2 (2.8%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Thoracotomy | 2 (2.2%) | 2 (2.8%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| VATS | 2 (2.2%) | 1 (1.4%) | 1 (5.3%) | – |
| Follow-up time for recurrence, months | n = 45 | n = 33 | n = 12 | – |
| Median | 12 | 12 | 19 | – |
| IQR | 6–24 | 6–24 | 7–30 | – |
| Range | 1–77 | 2–49 | 1–77 | – |
Unpaired t-test or Pearson’s chi-square test was employed when appropriate. CT, computed tomography; IQR, interquartile range; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; VATS, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.