TABLE 5.
Summary of subgroup analysis on neurological deficit scores.
| Pooled estimates | No. of studies | Std. MD (95% CI) | p value | Group p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model | ||||
| MCAO | 15 | −0.96 [−1.04, −0.89] | p < 0.00001 | |
| Species | 0.07 | |||
| SD rats | 14 | −0.95 [−1.02, −0.87] | p < 0.00001 | |
| Wistar rats | 1 | −1.20 [−1.47, −0.94] | p < 0.00001 | |
| Route of administration | <0.00001 | |||
| i.p | 11 | −0.92 [−1.00, −0.85] | p < 0.00001 | |
| i.v | 1 | −3.72 [−4.93, −2.51] | p < 0.00001 | |
| i.g | 1 | −0.80 [−1.37, −0.22] | p = 0.006 | |
| ICA | 1 | −5.16 [−6.48, −3.85] | p < 0.00001 | |
| Dosage | <0.00001 | |||
| <20 mg/kg | 7 | −1.10 [−1.29, −0.92] | p < 0.00001 | |
| 20 mg/kg | 5 | −0.71 [−0.81, −0.62] | p < 0.00001 | |
| 30 mg/kg | 4 | −1.84 [−2.08, −1.60] | p < 0.00001 | |
| >30 mg/kg | 6 | −1.62 [−1.76, −1.47] | p < 0.00001 | |
| Administration time | <0.0001 | |||
| Before I/R | 10 | −0.93 [−1.00, −0.86] | p < 0.00001 | |
| After I/R | 4 | −1.87 [−2.25, −1.49] | p < 0.00001 | |
| Before and after I/R | 1 | −0.97 [−1.73, −0.22] | p = 0.01 | |
| Occlusion time | 0.008 | |||
| 60 min | 1 | −0.92 [−1.53, −0.31] | p = 0.003 | |
| 90 min | 2 | −1.33 [−1.66, −1.01] | p < 0.00001 | |
| 120 min | 12 | −0.95 [−1.02, −0.87] | p < 0.00001 |
BCCAO, the bilateral common carotid arteries occlusion; MCAO, middle cerebral artery occlusion; ICA, intra-carotid artery; I/R, ischemia/reperfusion; i.g., intragastric gavage; i.p., intraperitoneal; i.v., intravenous injection; SD, Sprague-Dawley.