Table 1.
Patient characteristics stratified by absence vs. presence of unplanned 30-day readmission.
| Characteristics | No unplanned readmission (n = 1,463) |
30-day unplanned readmission (n = 194) |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age [Years; Median (IQR)] | 68 (58–79) | 72 (62–82) | 0.014 |
| Gender | 0.540 | ||
| Female | 694 (47.4%) | 87 (44.8%) | |
| Male | 769 (52.6%) | 107 (55.2%) | |
| Race | 0.595 | ||
| Asian | 39 (2.7%) | 5 (2.6%) | |
| Black | 80 (5.5%) | 13 (6.7%) | |
| Other | 119 (8.1%) | 20 (10.3%) | |
| White | 1,216 (83.1%) | 156 (80.4%) | |
| Ethnicity | 0.248 | ||
| Hispanic | 131 (9.0%) | 21 (10.8%) | |
| Non-hispanic | 1,316 (90.0%) | 173 (89.2%) | |
| Unknown | 16 (1.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Insurance | 0.410 | ||
| Medicare | 843 (57.6%) | 120 (61.9%) | |
| Medicaid | 198 (13.5%) | 17 (8.8%) | |
| Commercial | 369 (25.2%) | 49 (25.3%) | |
| Military | 25 (1.7%) | 5 (2.6%) | |
| Others | 22 (1.5%) | 3 (1.5%) | |
| Uninsured | 6 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Primary index admission diagnosis | 0.854 | ||
| Ischemic | 1,139 (77.9%) | 150 (77.3%) | |
| Hemorrhagic | 324 (22.1%) | 44 (22.7%) | |
| Index admission NIHSS, Median (IQR) | 4 (1–10) | 5 (2–13) | 0.007 |
| Index admission mRS, Median (IQR) | 0 (0–1) | 1 (0–2) | < 0.001 |
| Pre-existing risk factors | |||
| Hypertension | 1,085 (74.2%) | 157 (80.9%) | 0.043 |
| Dyslipidemia | 1,305 (89.2%) | 149 (76.8%) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes | 424 (29.0%) | 77 (39.7%) | 0.003 |
| History of prior | 354 (24.2%) | 94 (48.5%) | < 0.001 |
| Stroke or TIA | |||
| Atrial fibrillation | 369 (25.2%) | 69 (35.6%) | 0.003 |
| Coronary artery disease | 273 (18.7%) | 70 (36.1%) | < 0.001 |
| Congestive heart failure | 176 (12%) | 45 (23.2%) | < 0.001 |
| Index admission medications | |||
| Statin | 692 (47.3%) | 104 (53.6%) | 0.108 |
| Antihypertensive | 934 (63.8%) | 138 (71.1%) | 0.046 |
| Anti-glycemic | 337 (23.0%) | 42 (21.6%) | 0.716 |
| Antiplatelet | 561 (38.3%) | 93 (47.9%) | 0.012 |
| Oral anticoagulant | 189 (12.9%) | 41 (21.1%) | 0.003 |
| Total cost ($), Median (IQR) | 18,179 (9,442–33,236) | 25,381 (13,283–46,667) | < 0.001 |
| Length of Stay, Median (IQR) | 4 (2–7) | 5 (3–11) | < 0.001 |
| LACE+ score, Median (IQR) | 70 (62–75) | 74 (67–79) | < 0.001 |
| LACE+ score risk category | < 0.001 | ||
| Medium risk (29–58) | 162 (11.0%) | 13 (6.7%) | |
| Medium-high-risk (59–77) | 1,044 (71.4%) | 114 (58.8%) | |
| High risk > 77 | 257 (17.6%) | 67 (34.5%) | |
| Discharge status | < 0.001 | ||
| Home | 638 (43.6%) | 47 (24.2%) | < 0.001 |
| Short-term nursing facility | 224 (15.3%) | 50 (25.8%) | < 0.001 |
| Inpatient rehabilitation | 582 (39.8%) | 97 (50.0%) | 0.008 |
| Other | 19 (1.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.154 |
| Discharge status to home | 0.023 | ||
| Routine | 444 (70.3%) | 24 (51.1%) | |
| Home with services | 172 (27.2%) | 21 (44.7%) | |
| Left against medical advice | 16 (2.5%) | 2 (4.3%) | |
Data are median (IQR) or n (%). IQR, Interquartile Range; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; mRS, Modified Rankin Score; TIA, Transient ischemic attack.