Table 1.
Summary of the in vitro therapeutic approaches for treatment COVID-19 by targeting ACE2 expression.
| Treatment approach | Mechanism | ACE2 level | In vitro techniques |
|---|---|---|---|
| microRNA | Inhibit viral translation | Decreased | RT-PCR |
| Antiviral drugs | Inhibit viral entry | Increased | RT-PCR, immunostaining assay |
| Monoclonal antibody | Neutralize antibody | Decreased | Microtiter assay, virus titration assay, immunoprecipitation, and western blotting |
| MSCs | Mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapy | Decreased | RNA sequencing |
| ACE2-RBDs | Inhibit viral entry | Decreased | qRT-PCR, qPCR for ACE2 mRNA, and ELISA |
| Inhalable GapmeR | Antisense RNA | Decreased | In vitro models and organoids |