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. 2022 Oct 19;12:17428. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-22361-3

Table 6.

Age-, sex- and body fat %-adjusted linear mixed regression estimates (standardized β coefficients (95% CI)) between MRS-measured LFC, body composition and cardiometabolic risk factors.

LFC MRSa (%)
Model 1 Model 2
β p β p
Body fat, % 0.50 (0.10, 0.89) 0.02
Waist, cm 0.58 (0.31, 0.85) 0.0001 0.55 (0.20, 0.91) 0.003
BMI, kg/m2 0.34 (0.05, 0.64) 0.03 0.17 (− 0.23, 0.57) 0.40
SBP, mmHg  − 0.08 (− 0.41, 0.26) 0.64  − 0.11 (− 0.42, 0.20) 0.49
DBP, mmHg 0.13 (− 0.18, 0.45) 0.40 0.08 (− 0.23, 0.38) 0.61
Resting heart rate, bpm  − 0.21 (− 0.52, 0.11) 0.19  − 0.19 (− 0.47, 0.09) 0.18
BP medication 0.08 (− 0.26, 0.42) 0.65 0.02 (− 0.31, 0.34) 0.90
Cholesterol medication  − 0.06 (− 0.38, 0.26) 0.70 0.02 (− 0.29, 0.32) 0.91
f-Glucose, mmol/l  − 0.11 (− 0.44, 0.21) 0.49  − 0.13 (− 0.43, 0.17) 0.40
f-Insulin, mU/l 0.41 (0.09, 0.72) 0.01 0.31 (− 0.02, 0.63) 0.06
HOMA-IR 0.38 (0.06, 0.70) 0.02 0.28 (− 0.004, 0.60) 0.084
M-value, mg/kg/min  − 0.43 (− 0.72, − 0.14) 0.005  − 0.34 (− 0.67, − 0.01) 0.047
HbA1c, mmol/mol 0.54 (0.27, 0.81) 0.0003 0.48 (0.20, 0.75) 0.001
Triglycerides, mmol/l 0.38 (0.09, 0.67) 0.01 0.38 (0.11, 0.64) 0.006
Cholesterol, mmol/l 0.22 (− 0.10, 0.53) 0.18 0.22 (− 0.07, 0.52) 0.14
HDL, mmol/l  − 0.18 (− 0.57, 0.17) 0.29  − 0.18 (− 0.52, 0.17) 0.31
LDL, mmol/l 0.18 (− 0.13, 0.49) 0.25 0.18 (− 0.12, 0.47) 0.23
ALT, U/l 0.50 (0.23, 0.78) 0.0007 0.46 (0.20, 0.73) 0.001
AST, U/l 0.24 (− 0.10, 0.59) 0.16 0.32 (− 0.003, 0.64) 0.052
GGT, U/l 0.30 (− 0.01, 0.60) 0.054 0.29 (0.01, 0.57) 0.04

Model 1 adjusted for age and sex.

Model 2 adjusted for age, sex and body fat %

ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, BP blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, f fasting, GGT γ-glutamyltransferase, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, HOMA-IR homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, LFC liver fat content, MRS magnetic resonance spectroscopy, M-value whole-body insulin sensitivity, SBP systolic blood pressure.

alog10 transformed variables.

Significant values are in bold.