Table 4.
Risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals of the association of IR categories and its surrogate index with incident hypertension by age periods.
| Incident hypertension | Yong participants | Elderly participants | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (18 ≤ age ≤ 64 years old) | (age ≥65 years old) | |||||||||||
| Groups | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | ||||||||
| RR | 95% CI | P-value | RR | 95% CI | P-value | RR | 95% CI | P-value | RR | 95% CI | P-value | |
| HOMA-IR categories | ||||||||||||
| Quartile 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — |
| Quartile 2 | 1.12 | 0.88–1.44 | 0.355 | 1.17 | 0.91–1.50 | 0.234 | 0.91 | 0.51–1.63 | 0.747 | 0.88 | 0.48–1.63 | 0.688 |
| Quartile 3 | 1.18 | 0.92–1.51 | 0.188 | 1.26 | 0.98–1.62 | 0.069 | 1.66 | 0.89–3.09 | 0.112 | 1.61 | 0.85–3.05 | 0.141 |
| Quartile 4 | 1.56 | 1.56–1.99 | < 0.001 | 1.67 | 1.31–2.14 | < 0.001 | 1.17 | 0.67–2.04 | 0.583 | 1.13 | 0.64–2.01 | 0.677 |
| HOMA-β categories | ||||||||||||
| Quartile 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — |
| Quartile 2 | 0.83 | 0.66–1.06 | 0.131 | 0.86 | 0.68–1.10 | 0.232 | 1.22 | 0.72–2.06 | 0.468 | 1.24 | 0.72–2.14 | 0.430 |
| Quartile 3 | 0.79 | 0.62–1.00 | 0.047 | 0.81 | 0.64–1.04 | 0.094 | 0.83 | 0.83–1.52 | 0.540 | 0.76 | 0.40–1.45 | 0.406 |
| Quartile 4 | 0.77 | 0.61–0.98 | 0.033 | 0.84 | 0.66–1.08 | 0.170 | 0.65 | 0.65–1.22 | 0.180 | 0.70 | 0.37–1.33 | 0.271 |
| TyG categories | ||||||||||||
| Quartile 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — |
| Quartile 2 | 1.33 | 1.03–1.72 | 0.030 | 1.37 | 1.06–1.78 | 0.017 | 1.23 | 0.66–2.30 | 0.520 | 1.13 | 0.59–2.16 | 0.709 |
| Quartile 3 | 1.81 | 1.41–2.31 | < 0.001 | 1.28 | 1.39–2.28 | < 0.001 | 1.31 | 0.68–2.52 | 0.426 | 1.49 | 0.74–2.98 | 0.263 |
| Quartile 4 | 1.86 | 1.45–2.38 | < 0.001 | 1.88 | 1.46–2.41 | < 0.001 | 1.87 | 0.98–3.55 | 0.057 | 2.16 | 1.09–4.26 | 0.027 |
| TG/HDL-C categories | ||||||||||||
| Quartile 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — |
| Quartile 2 | 1.17 | 0.91–1.51 | 0.217 | 1.19 | 0.92–1.53 | 0.188 | 0.88 | 0.49–1.57 | 0.659 | 0.92 | 0.51–1.67 | 0.790 |
| Quartile 3 | 1.53 | 1.20–1.95 | 0.001 | 1.56 | 1.22–2.00 | < 0.001 | 1.21 | 0.67–2.20 | 0.523 | 1.19 | 0.64–2.20 | 0.580 |
| Quartile 4 | 1.44 | 1.13–1.85 | 0.004 | 1.49 | 1.16–1.91 | 0.002 | 1.14 | 0.62–2.08 | 0.673 | 1.25 | 1.25–2.39 | 0.503 |
| VAI categories | ||||||||||||
| Quartile 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — |
| Quartile 2 | 1.38 | 1.07–1.77 | 0.013 | 1.41 | 1.10–1.82 | 0.008 | 0.77 | 0.41–1.44 | 0.416 | 0.81 | 0.43–1.53 | 0.514 |
| Quartile 3 | 1.79 | 1.39–2.30 | < 0.001 | 1.81 | 1.40–2.34 | < 0.001 | 1.22 | 0.66–2.25 | 0.519 | 1.26 | 0.67–2.36 | 0.480 |
| Quartile 4 | 1.64 | 1.64–2.10 | < 0.001 | 1.67 | 1.30–2.15 | < 0.001 | 1.07 | 1.07–2.04 | 0.838 | 1.09 | 0.56–2.11 | 0.810 |
| LAP categories | ||||||||||||
| Quartile 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — |
| Quartile 2 | 1.56 | 1.20–2.03 | 0.001 | 1.54 | 1.18–2.01 | 0.002 | 2.24 | 1.19–4.19 | 0.012 | 2.21 | 1.17–4.18 | 0.014 |
| Quartile 3 | 2.16 | 1.67–2.80 | < 0.001 | 2.15 | 1.66–2.79 | < 0.001 | 2.07 | 1.08–3.98 | 0.030 | 1.89 | 0.94–3.76 | 0.072 |
| Quartile 4 | 2.34 | 1.82–3.00 | < 0.001 | 2.29 | 1.77–2.95 | < 0.001 | 2.01 | 1.02–3.97 | 0.045 | 2.08 | 1.03–4.20 | 0.040 |
| TyG-BMI categories | ||||||||||||
| Quartile 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — |
| Quartile 2 | 1.48 | 1.13–1.95 | 0.005 | 1.52 | 1.15–2.01 | 0.003 | 1.90 | 1.07–3.38 | 0.030 | 1.99 | 1.09–3.63 | 0.026 |
| Quartile 3 | 2.23 | 1.72–2.89 | < 0.001 | 2.22 | 1.71–2.90 | < 0.001 | 1.89 | 1.01–3.52 | 0.045 | 1.93 | 1.00–3.70 | 0.050 |
| Quartile 4 | 2.96 | 2.29–3.82 | < 0.001 | 2.93 | 2.26–3.80 | < 0.001 | 2.83 | 1.52–5.27 | 0.001 | 2.80 | 1.45–5.39 | 0.002 |
| TyG-WC categories | ||||||||||||
| Quartile 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — |
| Quartile 2 | 1.91 | 1.46–2.49 | < 0.001 | 1.86 | 1.42–2.44 | < 0.001 | 1.75 | 0.89–3.45 | 0.104 | 1.87– | 0.90–3.57 | 0.098 |
| Quartile 3 | 2.33 | 1.71–2.90 | < 0.001 | 2.18 | 2.67–2.84 | < 0.001 | 3.04 | 1.54–5.97 | 0.001 | 3.18 | 1.55–6.51 | 0.002 |
| Quartile 4 | 3.23 | 2.49–4.19 | < 0.001 | 3.09 | 2.38–4.02 | < 0.001 | 2.33 | 1.21–4.47 | 0.011 | 2.49 | 1.26–4.91 | 0.009 |
Model 1: adjusted for sex in 2009.
Model 2: model 1+ smoke habits, alcohol consumption, community type, married status and education years.
HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HOMA-β, homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function; TyG, triglyceride and glucose; VAI, visceral adiposity index; LAP, lipid accumulation product; BMI, body mass index.
Significant values were in bold.